Background. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an allergodermathosis that is widespread in children and adult populations. Sensibilization to food allergens prevails in children of early age, and to airborne allergens in older age. Impairments of skin barrier lead to increase in Staphylococcus aureus colonization and finally aggravate the course of AD and the sensibilization level.

Objective. The aim of the study is to estimate the sensibilization spectrum in 3-6 years old children with AD and its correlation with severity.

Methods. It was cross sectional study with two independent cohorts of 3-6 years old children with and without (healthy) AD. Estimation of sensibilization spectrum and revealing of correlation with disease severity were performed.

Results. The study includes 106 children aged 4.4 ± 1.2 year (58.5% boys and 41.5% girls). Polysensibilization was revealed in 28.3% of children. According to our data: 3-6 years old children with AD most often had sensibilization to the cat epithelium (34.9%), cow's milk proteins (22.6%), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus mite (16.0%). Sensibilization to enterotoxins of Staphylococcus aureus was revealed in 7.5% children. We have recorded weak positive correlation between the AD severity and the level of specific IgE to airborne and food allergens. There was no statistically significant correlation between the AD severity and the level of specific IgE to Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins A and B. Conclusion. The most common sensibilization type among 3-6 years old children with AD was one to airborne allergens. Sensibilization to the cat epithelium prevails among airborne allergens, to the cow's milk proteins — among food allergens. The weak positive correlation between the AD severity and the level of specific IgE to airborne and food allergens was revealed. The weak negative correlation with the level of specific IgE to Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins A and B was revealed, thus the data was statistically insignificant.

The article reviews monoclonal antibodies, its structure, classifications, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and adverse effects. There are examples for each section. Approaches to the research and criteria for drug selection in paediatrics are discussed in detail: the role of clinical trials, extrapolation and pharmacometrics. It has been shown that the differences in the pharmacokinetics of monoclonal antibodies between adults and children present due to the age-related characteristics of various physiological processes. The authors analyse such parameters as absorption, bioavailability, distribution, and elimination. The role of monoclonal antibodies immunogenicity in the structure of adverse effects in children is fully presented. Pharmacometrics is reviewed in the form of modelling and simulation in monoclonal antibodies dosing in paediatrics. It is important to consider the growth and development as “moving targets" in pediatrics regardless the principle of monoclonal antibodies dosage in children. The conclusions were made, and the guidelines were prepared based on the article results.

This review presents new publicly available data on the evolution of COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, as well as on the Delta variant. The article also covers the issues of terminology and classification of already identified virus variants, vaccination efficacy, and the use monoclonal antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 virus and new Delta variant management. The authors of all analyzed publications consider the Delta variant as the most concerning in the present situation. It is noted, there is data (according to some publications) indicating its higher transmissibility, hospitalization risk, likely more severe disease course, low efficacy of vaccines after partial vaccination (e.g. one dose of vaccine). The article also considers issues related to children returning to sport activities after COVID-19.

The article considers the principles of emergency care at the outpatient stage, clarifies the terms, and analyzes the regulatory framework. The example of anaphylactic shock and respiratory failure management shows the most crucial details of proper emergency room organization. The importance of continuous simulation training of nursing staff and outpatient doctors is emphasized.

FDA APPROVED THE MEDICATION FOR SKIN ITCHING ASSOCIATED WITH PROGRESSIVE FAMILIAL INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS.

ADVANCES IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MANAGEMENT IN CHILDREN.

FIRST ORAL MEDICATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF CHILDREN WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS WAS APPROVED.

THE WORLD'S FIRST MEDICATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF SHORT BOWEL SYNDROME WAS REGISTERED IN RUSSIAN FEDERATION.

There is a hypothesis among the scientists that COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 have negative effect on the immune system. Many reports on multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) development after COVID-19 are published worldwide. Whereas, the impact of this infection on prevalence and course of any other infectious diseases has not been studied. The aim of the study is to draw attention to the estimation of other infectious diseases course after COVID-19 by analyzing the clinical case of pneumococcal septicemia in 17 years old boy who has undergone COVID-19. We obtained data about COVID-19 during the analysis of the child's medical history. The course of infectious process was similar to the course of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), compared by clinical manifestations. The results of ELISA blood assay have proved it: we revealed IgG to SARS-CoV-2. However, PCR test revealed S. pneumoniae DNA in blood, so MIS-C diagnosis was excluded. The role of SARS-CoV-2 in other diseases in postcovid period can not be excluded, and it requires further studies. Development of screening and rehabilitation principles is recommended despite the severity of COVID-19 in children.

The clinical recommendations “Acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI) in children" indicate that otoscopy should be a part of routine pediatric examination of each patient along with auscultation, percussion, etc. Nowadays, there are no legal regulations on which specialists can perform otoscopy. Thus, there is significant pediatricians’ interest in otoscopy, especially in diagnosis of acute otitis media (AOM) during primary examination for timely antibacterial management. Moreover, pediatricians could reveal such rare and very aggressive middle ear disease as cholesteatoma, its early diagnosis can prevent the development of any complications and determines the range and quality of rehabilitation actions.