Vol 9, No 5 (2012)
View or download the full issue
PDF (Russian)
PHARMACOECONOMICS IN PEDIATRICS
8-13 738
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the montelukast cost-effectiveness in children with mild and moderate persistent asthma in Belarus. Patients and methods. A one-year decision tree model of asthma for a hypothetical cohort of 100 children with asthma and a lack of basic therapy or taking either montelukast or inhaled glucocorticosteroids has been constructed on the basis of the results of randomized clinical studies and local data. Results. In children older than 6 years of age the CER of fluticasone application was $1.45 per «day without asthma attacks, exacerbations, use of short-acting β2-receptor agonists» as compared to the montelukast CER — $2.62. In 2–6-year-old children the CER of montelukast application was $4.1, the budesonide inhalation suspension CER — $5.6, the CER of the lack of basis therapy — $6.9. Conclusion. The use of oral montelukast is considered to be cost-effective in 2–6-year-old children with mild and moderate persistent asthma as compared to the budesonide inhalation suspension or lack of basis therapy in the Republic of Belarus. Inhaled glucocorticosteroids is the priority medicine in children older than 6 years of age who are able to master the inhalation technique.
VACCINATION
14-21 748
Abstract
Chickenpox is one of the mass infection diseases in Yaroslavl Oblast. In 2003–2011 chickenpox morbidity in Yaroslavl region was registered at the level of 362.02–870.00 per 100,000 people; in 2011 the number of patients reached 11,070 (10363 of them — children). The highest level of the chickenpox morbidity is registered among children. Annually chickenpox is rated the second by the number of patients in the structure of infectious morbidity and takes over 80% of the total of respiratory infections (without influenza and ARVI). In studying the specifics of chickenpox epidemiology in the region, rises of morbidity with a period of three years were found, but the rise in 2011 was much more intensive than the average figures for the long-term observations. At present, selective varicellation for the risk-group children is performed according to the regional immunization schedule, but this does not influence the level of morbidity and the number of the clinically severe cases of the disease having the features of meningoencephalitis. Pharmacoeconomic calculations’ analysis shows that in the absence of a planned cohort varicellation the economic damage caused by the disease in Yaroslavl Oblast reaches no less than 110 million roubles per year. Varicellation economic efficiency evaluation in one age cohort of children has been performed and the conclusions about the expediency of planned vaccinal prevention against this infection have been made.
URGENT ISSUES OF A TREATMENT OF EAR, NOSE, THROAT DISEASES
22-26 704
Abstract
Analysis of clinical peculiarities and etiological structure of otites in 150 children of 0–5 years of age hospitalized with the diagnosis «acute otitis media», which was proved otoscopically and at paracentesis, was conducted. Fluid obtained at paracentesis was examined bacteriologically — in 128 cases, by the PCR method — in 129 cases. 121 disease cases were etiologically identified, pneumococcus was singled out in 93 children (76.9%), as the only causative agent — in 31.4%, in combination with other pathogens — in 45.5%. Pneumococcal serotyping showed that the singled out strains correspond to the pneumococcal infection conjugate vaccines registered in Russia, which is a reason for cohort immunization of small children.
EMERGENCY CONDITIONS IN CHILDREN
29-34 1006
Abstract
The main reason for children’s and adolescents’ mortality in Russia is external causes, such as injuries, poisonings, drownings and road traffic collisions. Many of the external causes may be prevented. Besides, the popularization of modern baseline cardiopulmonary resuscitation methods is one the methods of mortality reduction in children on the pre-hospital stage. The article gives children’s baseline cardiopulmonary resuscitation basics recommended by the American Heart Association.
Key words: cardiopulmonary resuscitation, children, adolescents.
Key words: cardiopulmonary resuscitation, children, adolescents.
REVIEW
35-40 762
Abstract
The literature review offers modern anemia diagnostics principles. The latest data on the pathogenetic changes occurring in the body at certain anemia syndrome kinds are stated in detail. Special attention is given to anemia developing in the setting of chronic diseases.
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
42-48 831
Abstract
Mucolytic drugs, particularly, direct action mucolytics with acetylcysteine derivatives among them, are included in the complex therapy of the bronchopulmonary dysplasia exacerbations. However, data on application effectiveness and safety of such a therapy with chronic bronchopulmonary diseases in children of 0–2 years of age are few and contradictory. The article contains proprietary clinical functional data on application of acetylcysteine in granules for the syrup preparation in the treatment of children bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
G. A. Karkashadze,
L. S. Namazova-Baranova,
O. I. Maslova,
S. B. Lazurenko,
U. N. Klochkova,
S. N. Zorkin,
E. V. Komarova,
O. I. Denisova
50-58 702
Abstract
The article demonstrates the results of the first Russian study of the formation of toilet habits in children. It is planned to be published consequently in 2 parts due to the material extensiveness. The first article covers and comments on the results of the toilet habits’ learning process in children of Moscow Region with the help of the parametric (time) and nonparametric characteristics. It has been discovered that, on average, the child’s learning process begins at 15 months of age and finishes at 26–28 months of age. Characteristics of children’s readiness to the learning process, its strategy and tactics, difficulties and complications in the course of the process and subject data sources for parents are given. Comparative data from the foreign publications are given for several results.
toilet habits; learning process; difficulties; learning process
toilet habits; learning process; difficulties; learning process
V. A. Goryaynov,
M. M. Kaabak,
N. N. Babenko,
L. A. Shishlo,
M. M. Morozova,
A. A. Ragimov,
N. G. Dashkova,
E. L. Salimov
59-64 931
Abstract
At present the problem of donor organs for transplantation shortage remains unsolved. Cautious and mixed attitude towards the transplantation of incompatible kidneys remains, while it could considerably reduce the donor organ waiting time for a recipient. Experience of 19 allotransplantations of ABO-incompatible kidneys in children is analyzed in the article. A group of 14 patients who received ABOcompatible kidneys was chosen for the comparative analysis. Such parameters as the assessment of function of allotransplanted kidneys, morphology character comparison of biopsy materials of allo-kidneys in both groups, actuarial survival rate of the recipients with functioning allografts are used to assess the results. Comparison of the aforementioned parameters showed practically the same results, and that enables us to assert that transplantations of kidneys of ABO-incompatible donors have the right to exist.
E. N. Arkhipova,
I. V. Sil’nova,
E. N. Basargina,
I. V. Dvoryakovskii,
A. B. Sugak,
N. A. Mayanskii,
M. K. Umarova
65-69 700
Abstract
Non-compacted myocardium is a rare congenital cardiomyopathy. Due to the lack of uniform criteria, diagnostics of this condition is complicated presently, which results in over-diagnosing. N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is a marker of chronic cardiac insufficiency (CCI) in children. The results of the study of NT-proBNP in non-compacted myocardium diagnostics are represented in this article. It was established, that serum NT-proBNP levels were higher in children with non-compacted myocardium than in children with CCI and without this disorder (р < 0,01). The received data can be useful in clinical practice.
70-74 862
Abstract
Aim. To compare in vitro the aerodynamic particle size distributions of original and generic inhalers, which contain both fluticasone (FP) and salmeterol (SM).Material and methods. The Next Generation Impactor (NGI; Copley Ltd., UK) was used to assess the particle size distribution and aerosol quality of two products to determine the equivalence in the aerosol released from the device. The first formulation was Seretide (SM/FP) 25/250 μg, an original SM/FP fixed combination developed by GlaxoSmithKline. The second formulation tested was Tevacomb 25/250 μg (SM/FP), the generic SM/FP fixed combination produced by Cipla. The mass of FP and SM recovered from each stage of impactor was quantified via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The impactor results were statistically evaluated by log transformation of the single data NGI. Results. Statistically significant differences were seen between the deposition profile of Seretide and Tevacomb obtained using the NGI. Evaluating the single stages results in estimation of nonequivalence for all stages except stage 5 (FP) since their confidence intervals (CI) were out of the range of the tight conventional bioequivalence limits of Ѓ} 15 % (0,85–1,18). Also differences were observed by number of parameters, including the fine particle dose (FPD), emitted dose (ED), mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD), and geometric standard deviation (GSD) of SM and FP. Conclusion. These in vitro findings suggest that the particle size distributions of the generic formulation Tevacomb is not equivalent to that of the original product Seretide.
MEDICAL AND PSYCHO-PEDAGOGICAL CARE FOR CHILDREN
75-79 695
Abstract
The article shows the results of the study intended for the development of the initial stage of work of a pediatrician-defectologist with children having suffered a severe craniocerebral injury. For the first time children with mechanical cranial injury and/or injuries of intracranial masses (brain, meninx, vessels, cerebral nerves) act as the object of an integral psychic activity study. Significant indicators for the pedagogic evaluation of their psychic activity functioning are defined. The necessity of differentiation of the rehabilitation training means with regard for individual typological peculiarities of their psychic activity in the conditions of a stationary rehabilitation is shown.
СOGNITIVE HEALTH AND IDENTITY OF THE CHILD
80-84 845
Abstract
The results of the review of studies on the polypeptide nootropic neurometabolic stimulator in a complex correction of cognitive impairment in children with diseases of the central nervous system are given in the article. It is shown that cognitive-modulating effect is the leading feature of the drug, and in a combination with nootropic, neurotrophic, neuroprotective, reparative and anticonvulsive effects, as well as antioxidant, anti-stress and metabolic actions, which determines its high therapeutic efficacy in a complex correction of cognitive impairment in various central nervous system diseases in children.
For Pediatricians' Practice
86-90 724
Abstract
This article is dedicated to a monogenic polysystemic disease — mucoviscidosis; its course severity and prognosis are to a large extend determined by the degree of lung affection, infection and chronic inflammatory process development in the airways. The authors show the derangement of the quality of life in children with mucoviscidosis and examine approaches to the therapy adherence issues, which is important for the treatment effectiveness. On the example of their own study and international experience they show the effectiveness of the inhalation technique of the drug delivery to a pathological nidus.
92-97 1575
Abstract
The results of observations of 83 young sportsmen at the age of 10–16 years in order to diagnose their health condition are given in the work. Among the clinical diseases entities in children and adolescents engaged in water sports, upper respiratory tract infections are the most common. Oropharyngeal sanation with herbal medicines significantly reduces the opportunistic microflora carriage in young swimmers, thereby reducing the risk of respiratory infections and improving the tolerability of high volume and intensity of stress for young athletes on all stages of athletic perfection.
FROM THE UNION OF PEDIATRICIANS OF RUSSIA
MATERIALS OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
Page for pediatric nurse
113-119 2524
Abstract
Nursing process arrangement for infants with Down’s syndrome requires nonroutine solutions when nurse’s professional capacity criterion is her psychological and pedagogical preparation, personality traits favoring the real communication with children and parents, vision of the future and a desire to find a way out of the impasse. Nursing process for infants with Down’s syndrome is put into effect in an extreme stress situation with a time limit on making a decision about whether to take a child in a family or to give it up, while it is also important that the nursing process as a method of consequent systematic professional nursing in corpore. A description of all stages of the nursing process for infants with Down’s syndrome is given, a map of each nursing process stage is made, a typology of psychological adaptation of mothers having given birth to children with perinatal pathology is given, recommendations on psychological aid for mothers of the infants with Down’s syndrome on the basis of the 4 aforementioned types of adaptation to an existing situation are structured.
ISSN 1727-5776 (Print)
ISSN 2500-3089 (Online)
ISSN 2500-3089 (Online)
