Vol 6, No 3 (2009)
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AN EDITORIAL ARTICLE
VACCINATION
7-12 9349
Abstract
Hepatitis A — the most widespread virus disease of the liver in human. In the general structure of virus hepatitis no less than 90% makes hepatitis A. Hepatitis A is usually a self' limiting disease and infection confers lifelong immunity. However, the hepatitis A has of great clinical importance in children. Hepatitis A virus causes both acute disease and asymptomatic infection. The disease is usually asymptomatic in young children. Acute hepatitis A usually lead to full liver recovery during 2–3 months or protracted hepatitis A — a condition in which the virus is slow to clear and the liver takes longer than usual to regain its normal function and can last for up to 5–6 weeks. Hepatitis A does not cause chronic infection, but can lead to some complications. From 1158 children treated for hepatitis A in our clinic, 85,7% has developed affection biliary tracts, 76,7% — affection duodenum, 4,5% — was registered residual liver fibrosis. So, Hepatitis A is a serious disease and can lead to considerable clinical and economical burden. Introduction the mass vaccination programme in Russia will lead to decrease incidence, long'term effects and complications of Hepatitis A in children.
Key words: hepatitis A, children, outcomes, burden, vaccination programme.
Key words: hepatitis A, children, outcomes, burden, vaccination programme.
13-17 703
Abstract
The article highlights the results of the research carried out at the department of the vaccine prevention of the Scientific center of children's health RAMS to study the efficiency and safety of vaccination against the type b hemophilic infection (Hib'infection). The authors compared two vaccines applied for the prevention of this infection: Act' Hib and Hiberix. They proved similar efficiency, good tolerance and safety of both vaccines. The authors also made up recommendations for optimized vaccination of the children with different health statuses.
Key words: hemophilic infection, vaccination, children.
Key words: hemophilic infection, vaccination, children.
18-22 398
Abstract
The article provides a guideline and practical recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for the use of the 7'valent conjugated pneumococcal vaccine.
Key words: pneumococcal infection, vaccination, children.
Key words: pneumococcal infection, vaccination, children.
URGENT ISSUES OF A TREATMENT OF EAR, NOSE, THROAT DISEASES
23-28 495
Abstract
In order to study the impact exerted by the gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERB) on the throat and larynx status, the authors examined 39 children (main group), suffering from GERB, and 15 patients (control group), suffering from the chronic gastrointestinal tract pathology, who did not confirm GERB. All the patients underwent a 24'hour рН-monitoring of the esophagus and laryngeal part of the throat and upper airways endoscopy. They discovered that for the children, suffering from the extraesophageal GERB (i.e. regurgitation of the sourreflux substance above the upper esophageal sphincter into the hypopharynx), it is also typical for chronic throat and larynx pathology: the endoscopy identified the accompanied pathology among 80%, chronic pharyngitis among 62,5%, and their combination among 48% of patients. Normalization of an mucous membrane of esophagus is highly likely to correlate (r = 0,54, р<0,01) with the throat and larynx status normalization. Thus, it is very likely that GERB and its extraesophageal variant in particular plays a great role in pathogenesis of the throat and larynx disease development. This circumstance should be consider both in therapy of the patients with GERB and detection of pathologies in the ENT organs.
Key words: gastroesophageal reflux, chronic pharyngitis, chronic laryngitis, children.
Key words: gastroesophageal reflux, chronic pharyngitis, chronic laryngitis, children.
REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH OF CHILDREN AND TEENAGERS
29-35 538
Abstract
The authors highlight the foreign authors review about the spread and peculiarities of the HPV infection and HPV'associated uterine cervix impairment in teenage girls. The interaction between HPV infection and uterine cervix impairment were described. There are also the most important prevention approaches in this issue.
Key words: human papilloma virus, uterine cervix impairment, cervical cancer, screening, vaccination, teenage girls.
Key words: human papilloma virus, uterine cervix impairment, cervical cancer, screening, vaccination, teenage girls.
REVIEW
36-44 1098
Abstract
The review highlights experience and administration perspectives of the immunobiological medication Omalizumab in allergy. Omalizumab is the anti'IgE monoclonal antibody. Growing successful experience of anti'IgE application confirms the assumption that treatment by Omalizumab may modify the course of bronchial asthma, by preventing the remodeling processes in the respiratory tracts and reducing hyperactivity of bronchi. Today, it is widely discussed what other possible areas of anti'IgE therapy there might be. Omalizumab might be very important in treatment of different potentially IgE'dependent diseases, among which there is urticaria and angioneurotic edema, allergic rhinitis, nasal polyposis and severe forms of allergic conjunctivitis. Besides, Omalizumab, as part of the allergen specific immunotherapy protocol, may also provide sizable advantages. The author reveals potential role of Omalizumab in treatment of other atopic diseases, such as allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, atopic dermatitis and food allergy.
Key words: Omalizumab, anti'IgE therapy, biological agents, IgЕ, bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, idiopathic urticaria fever, treatment, children.
Key words: Omalizumab, anti'IgE therapy, biological agents, IgЕ, bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, idiopathic urticaria fever, treatment, children.
45-51 665
Abstract
The present review highlights the new diagnostic tools for detecting hepatic fibrosis against the backdrop of different liver pathologies in children. They are characterized by a variety of the clinical forms, progressive course along with the fibroid changes in liver and possible result in the liver cirrhosis. The authors considered the modern methods of the needle liver biopsy and noninvasive visualization, as well as justified the necessity to look for the noninvasive markers of the fibroid liver by means of the antibody'mediated diagnostic methods. Such tests are based on identification of various molecular compounds, which are fibrogenesis activators and take part in the formation of the extracellular matrix components. They also described changes of such fibroid liver markers, as hyaluronic acid, collagen type IV, matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9, tissular inhibitor of the matrix metalloproteinases'1, transforming growth factor–1, which may be recommended for the noninvasive monitoring of the hepatic fibrosis in children.
Key words: hepatic fibrosis, antibody'mediated fibrosis markers, children.
Key words: hepatic fibrosis, antibody'mediated fibrosis markers, children.
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
53-58 549
Abstract
Allergic pathology is widely spread among children. In order to perform an adequate therapy and minimize the risk of the side effects, it is essential to develop a differentiated approach of the practitioners towards the prescription of medications in view of their action on the pathological process, interaction with other medications, safety and efficiency data subject to the principles of the definitive medicine. The present article highlights the results of the clinical research of the second'generation antihistamine levocetirizine administration in the allergic rhinitis in children.
Key words: allergic rhinitis, antihistamine medications, levocetirizine, action, efficiency, children.
Key words: allergic rhinitis, antihistamine medications, levocetirizine, action, efficiency, children.
L.S. Namazova-Baranova,
L.M. Ogorodova,
A.Yu. Tomilova,
I.A. Deev,
A.A. Alekseeva,
E.A. Vishneva,
I.A. Gromov,
E.A. Evdokimova,
E.M. Kamaltynova,
I.L. Kolomeets,
R.M. Torshkhoeva
59-65 633
Abstract
Over the recent years, standardised epidemiological studies of asthma and asthma'like symptoms in the population of children have been conducted. ISAAC (International Study of Asthma and Allergy in Childhood) questionnaire has been predominantly used as a tool to assess the prevalence of clinical implications and diagnosed conditions in children. However, this technique has limitations in terms of subject age (children aged 6–7 and 13–14). We have conducted a study on the prevalence of Asthma and allergy in adolescents (children aged 15–17) using the standardised GA2LEN (Global Allergy and Asthma European Network) questionnaire in two Russian cities from central region and Siberia (Moscow and Tomsk). It has been found that the prevalence of asthma'like symptoms in adolescents was three times the level of clinically diagnosed asthma, which accounted for no more than 7%, with this indicator having no variance depending on the region of residence.
Key words: asthma, GA2LEN, prevalence, epidemiology, adolescents.
Key words: asthma, GA2LEN, prevalence, epidemiology, adolescents.
A.E. Pal'tseva,
E.V. Syutkina,
O.V. Kozhevnikova,
A.N. Rakhimova,
O.D. Meshcheryakova,
I.E. Smirnov,
V.I. Tambovtseva
66-73 480
Abstract
The 24 hour blood pressure monitoring has gone beyond the scope of the scientific research for the last decade and is now more widely used in practical healthcare, including pediatrics to identify changes of pressure both towards hypertension and hypotension. It is obviously advantageous to prove pathologic changes in the blood pressure level, as well as to give an objective evaluation of its intensity and duration. This article is devoted to identification of the diagnostic value for the daily blood pressure monitoring outpatient conditions and development of the optimal monitoring regimes to be used among children.
Key words: 24 hour blood pressure monitoring, arterial hypertension, arterial hypotension, vegetovascular dystonia, children.
Key words: 24 hour blood pressure monitoring, arterial hypertension, arterial hypotension, vegetovascular dystonia, children.
74-79 529
Abstract
Therapeutic effect of Multi-tabs Intello Kids with Omega-3 and Multi-tabs Teenager has been assessed in the open controlled study included 70 patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), aged from 6 to 10 years . Group I and group II (20 +20 patients) received Multi-tabs Intello Kids with Omega-3/or Multi-tabs Teenager as a mono therapy of cognitive dis functions (СF) for 2 monthes. No pharmacological therapy was conducted in group of a control which included 30 patients with ADHD. Utilising the computer testing systems, basic of parameters CF were analyzed before and after the course of therapy. Statistically relevant positive effect of the vitaminis on cognitive functions was demonstrated.
Key words: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, therapy, multivitamins.
Key words: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, therapy, multivitamins.
80-83 500
Abstract
The analysis of 3380 cases laid the ground for describing the ultrasonic parameters of duplex scanning of brachiocephalic vessels in children suffering from various body and walking abnormalities. Clinical peculiarities of pathological deformations of the internal carotid artery at children are revealed. Prevalence of hemodynamically significant abnormalities of brachiocephalic vessels at males (85 percents of patients) is revealed. We offer modified classification of pathological tortuosities of the internal carotid artery at children [1–7].
Key words: ultrasonic duplex scanning, brachiocephalic artery anomalies, cerebrovascular disease.
Key words: ultrasonic duplex scanning, brachiocephalic artery anomalies, cerebrovascular disease.
84-88 577
Abstract
The article is devoted to an important section of the pediatric cardiology — dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP). This is largely due to the spread of the given disease, its possible progress and tendency to the formation of the chronic heart failure (CHF). The progress in the research of the DCMP'accompanied CHF formation and development processes is the studies of the extracellular matrix status (EM), which is defined by the activity of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMMP). This article describes the complex clinical and biochemical studies of the serum MMP'1, MMP'2, MMP'9 and TIMMP'1 levels in children with DCMP at different stages of the illness course. MMP and their inhibitor concentration were defined by means of the enzyme'linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Based on the results from the morphofunctional studies and data of the biochemical analyses, the authors determined the importance of changes in the isomeric EM composition pertaining to the disturbances of the systolic and diastolic functions, as well as in heart remodeling for such children.
Key words: chronic heart failure, dilated cardiomyopathy, extracellular matrix, matrix metalloproteinases, tissue inhibitors of the matrix metalloproteinases.
Key words: chronic heart failure, dilated cardiomyopathy, extracellular matrix, matrix metalloproteinases, tissue inhibitors of the matrix metalloproteinases.
LECTURE
E.E. Petryaikina,
M.B. Antsiferov,
O.V. Dukhareva,
A.I. Novitskaya,
L.G. Dorofeeva,
E.A. Pronina,
I.G. Rybkina,
T.D. Mikhailova,
E.T. Mandzhieva,
I.G. Garyaeva
89-96 480
Abstract
The Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus spread is growing up among children. This article highlights the data on the disease epidemiology, etiology, risk factors of the progression, clinical run and complications. Special attention is paid to the obesity as a condition, which most often accompanies insulin resistance and diabetes formation; the authors consider also prevention opportunities. The tactics of the management of patient with the said pathology is also highlighted here.
Key words: diabetes, insulin resistance, disturbed tolerance to glucose, obesity, treatment, children.
Key words: diabetes, insulin resistance, disturbed tolerance to glucose, obesity, treatment, children.
97-103 708
Abstract
The article highlights the key principles for detection and differentiation of the acute infectious diarrhea in children. The modern guidelines for treatment of the acute gastroenteritis and gastroenterocolitis are based on the rational application of the antibacterial medications and minimization drugs administration. There are therapeutic approaches recommended by WHO and ESPGHAN.
Key words: acute gastroenteritis, gastroenterocolitis, diarrhea, acute enteric infections, detection, treatment, oral rehydration, nifuroxazide, children.
Key words: acute gastroenteritis, gastroenterocolitis, diarrhea, acute enteric infections, detection, treatment, oral rehydration, nifuroxazide, children.
NUTRITION AND IMMUNITY
105-110 596
Abstract
Allergy prevention is an urgent pediatric issue. Food allergy spread among infants amounts to 6–8%. This review highlights the modern viewpoints on diet prevention of this pathology among children, including by means of the hypoallergic nutritional formulas.
Key words: food allergy, prevention, allergies, prebiotics, children.
Key words: food allergy, prevention, allergies, prebiotics, children.
For Pediatricians' Practice
111-118 453
Abstract
Nonspecific ulcerative colitis has different masks, which make it hard for diagnostics. The course of the disease has many variants depending on the kind of therapy, its efficiency. prediction the course of the ulcerative colitis is very important to define the long term treatment management in order to increase the therapy efficiency and improve life quality.
Key words: nonspecific ulcerative colitis, prediction the course of the disease, therapy, children.
Key words: nonspecific ulcerative colitis, prediction the course of the disease, therapy, children.
119-122 410
Abstract
Calcium tern over considerably affects the health of a child in general and functions of such separate systems in human organisms. The author demonstrates importance an adequate intake of this mineral, with food inclusive, for the normal growth and development of a child. Vitamin D contributes to calcium balance maintenance and its correct spread in the body. The author recommends prescription for the preventive purpose and for deficiency treatment medical product with calcium and vitamin D.
Key words: calcium, vitamin D, mineral deficiency, prevention, treatment, children.
Key words: calcium, vitamin D, mineral deficiency, prevention, treatment, children.
123-125 481
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease and it belongs to the widely spread allergies among children. The inflammation leads to the disorder in the exchange reactions within the main substance of the connective tissue. This research analyzes peculiarities of the tern-over in lisomal enzymes — α-mannosidase, β-mannosidase and sialic acids against the backdrop of different types of the basis therapy of bronchial asthma in children in the outpatient conditions. They basic group of patients was made up of 27 children, undergoing a combined basic therapy. The patients of second group (n = 43) were administered the inhalant glucocorticosteroids. The third group (n = 38) ho did not receive any basis therapy. The control group included 30 healthy children. The results of the investigations showed that the adequate basic therapy of bronchial asthma in children have a favorable effect on the connective tissue biopolymers tern over.
Key words: bronchial asthma, basis therapy, inhalant glucocorticosteroids, connective tissue, α-mannosidase, β-mannosidase, sialic acids children.
Key words: bronchial asthma, basis therapy, inhalant glucocorticosteroids, connective tissue, α-mannosidase, β-mannosidase, sialic acids children.
126-129 661
Abstract
Bronchial asthma is one of the widespread chronic diseases of lungs. Immune mechanisms of disorder are one of the causes which lead to pathologic changes in lungs. The aim: to determine the clinical and immunologic effectiveness of pressure adaptation to the periodical hypobaric hypoxic stimulation of treatment of children with bronchial asthma of prepubertal and pubertal periods. In the present work there were observed the clinical and immunologic parameters of 129 children with the verified atopic bronchial asthma of different degree at the remission period before and after the course of pressure adaptation to the periodical hypobaric hypoxic stimulation in conditions of the medical hypobaric pressure chamber with many seats «Ural'1». Clinic effectiveness of hypobaric hypoxic stimulation revealed in continuation of remissions and diminishing of total numerical score of asthma degree. The positive dynamic indexes of cytokine profile was observed. It revealed in reduction of IL 1_, IL 4, IL 5, IL 18 levels and stimulated production of IFN - in blood serum. The course of hypobaric hypoxic stimulation has the positive impact on the named indexes of the patients with bronchial asthma and its intensity depends on the degree of disease and of the age of the child' patient. Thus the use of pressure adaptation to the periodical hypobaric hypoxic stimulation in treatment of children's with bronchial asthma led to the immunologic positive dynamics, especially of the children of prepubertal period. Determination of the immunologic indexes and the level of the cytokines can be used as the additional tests for the evaluation of the effectiveness of pressure adaptation to the periodical hypobaric hypoxic stimulation of children.
Key words: bronchial asthma, periodical hypobaric hypoxic stimulation, cytokines, children.
Key words: bronchial asthma, periodical hypobaric hypoxic stimulation, cytokines, children.
130-133 392
Abstract
The ultrasonic study in the early pregnancy may successfully be used to perform the early prenatal detection of the congenital heart diseases in fetuses with the non cardiac abnormalities and sonographic markers of the chromosome pathology.
Key words: fetus, early pregnancy, congenital heart diseases, non cardiac abnormalities, transvaginal echocardiography.
Key words: fetus, early pregnancy, congenital heart diseases, non cardiac abnormalities, transvaginal echocardiography.
134-138 420
Abstract
Therapeutic effect of multivitaminous complexis has been assessed in the open controlled study included 50 patients with psychoneurological disorders, aged from 4 to 16 years for 28 days. No pharmacological therapy was conducted in group of a control which included 15 patients with same disorders. Utilising the computer testing systems, basic of parameters cognitive functions (CF) were analyzed before and after the course of therapy. Statistically relevant positive effect of the vitaminis on cognitive functions was demonstrated.
Key words: multivitaminous complexis, children, treatment, psychoneurological disorders.
Key words: multivitaminous complexis, children, treatment, psychoneurological disorders.
139-142 398
Abstract
In the event of a cystic and nidal liver impairment, resulting from the dysfunction of hepatocytes, there are certain haemostasis system disturbances. The article analyzes co agulograms of 75 children with cystic and nidal liver impairment in early school age (aged 6–11 year). The article reviews the diagnostic methods for detecting hemostasis disturbances in case of the given pathology and away to duly and adequately enforce the medication correction of these disorders. This method makes the illness forecast more predictable and manageable.
Key words: haemostasis, liver, cystic and nidal liver impairment, children.
Key words: haemostasis, liver, cystic and nidal liver impairment, children.
ISSN 1727-5776 (Print)
ISSN 2500-3089 (Online)
ISSN 2500-3089 (Online)
