Vol 8, No 3 (2011)
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NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN MEDICINE
6-12 816
Abstract
The article discusses the estimation of the disease value, which includes direct, indirect and «intangible» costs. Advantages and disadvantages of different approaches to cost accounting, including the method of direct costs microcalculation compared with established norms of reimbursement are presented. It is demonstrated that disease’s cost not only reveals the burden of a pathology, but also allows the State to rationally allocate resources. The authors conclude that lack of comparability of the results of studies with different approaches to cost accounting does not allow their use in health care management. To solve this problem is necessary to develop a common methodology for analyzing the cost of the disease.
Key words: cost of illness study, clinical and economical analysis, direct cost, indirect cost, impalpable costs, microcalculation of costs, human capital method, friction costs method, absenteeism, presenteeism.
Key words: cost of illness study, clinical and economical analysis, direct cost, indirect cost, impalpable costs, microcalculation of costs, human capital method, friction costs method, absenteeism, presenteeism.
CASE REPORT
VACCINATION
13-16 395
Abstract
One of the most frequent etiology agent of upper respiratory tract infection is pneumococcus. Most susceptible to this infection are children under 5 years old. It is known that the only effective prevention of pneumococcal infections is a specific immunoprophylaxis. Authors represent their own experience of vaccination for the child population at risk. The analysis of the effectiveness of 7-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine in 596 children under 5 years old is demonstrated. The immunization is revealed low reactogeni city of vaccine and evident clinical effect. Thus, this vaccine may be recommended for inclusion in a regional immunization schedule in Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).
Key words: children, pneumococcal infection, vaccine prophylaxis.
Key words: children, pneumococcal infection, vaccine prophylaxis.
EMERGENCY CONDITIONS IN CHILDREN
19-23 445
Abstract
Sepsis — one of the leading causes of mortality in children. Modern view on the pathogenesis of sepsis as a result of the exorbitant activation of protection mechanisms, determines the relevance of therapy, modulating the inflammatory response. This article presents the comparative analysis of the effectiveness of immunotherapy, including polyclonal immunoglobulins IgG and standard IgGMA, as adjuvant therapy for sepsis, severe sepsis, septic shock in children.
Key words: sepsis, septic shock, children, polyclonal immunoglobulins.
Key words: sepsis, septic shock, children, polyclonal immunoglobulins.
REVIEW
E.A. Vishneva,
L.S. Namazova-Baranova,
R.M. Torshkhoeva,
T.V. Kulichenko,
A.Yu. Tomilova,
A.A. Alekseeva,
T.V. Turti
24-30 517
Abstract
The steady increase in the prevalence of allergic diseases causes the social significance of this pathology. These statistics often do not reflect the true morbidity picture. The social and economic burden of allergy forces experts to seek new ways of preventing the beginnings and development of this pathology. The relationship between bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in the early childhood and further development of asthma was proved by numerous randomized trials. The use of the drug for RSV monoclonal antibodies will reduce not only the incidence of the infection, prevent the development of bronchiolitis, but reduce the risk of asthma in early childhood.
Key words: asthma, children, respiratory syncytial virus, prophylaxis.
Key words: asthma, children, respiratory syncytial virus, prophylaxis.
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
31-37 449
Abstract
Substantially higher risk of acute respiratory pathology in organized groups is well known. The authors examined 1340 preschool children and justified the usefulness of the health-improving measures, including topical application of bacterial lysate. The article demonstrates the effectiveness of this drug, as well as the short duration of its action, hence the usefulness of repeated courses of drug administration to prevent the formation of chronic infection focuses in the nasopharynx and reduce the incidence of ARI.
Key words: preschool children, microbiological monitoring, health status, topical bacterial lysate in children’s collective.
Key words: preschool children, microbiological monitoring, health status, topical bacterial lysate in children’s collective.
38-46 601
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the prospects of a new noninvasive technique for measuring airflow obstruction in pediatrics. Materials and methods: The spirograph SuperSpiro with module MicroRint. Indicators of airflow obstruction (FEV1, PEF) and airway resistance (Rint) before and after inhalation of 200 micrograms salbutamol (test with bronchodilator) were measured in 36 children of 5–6 years old with asthma. Calculated the growth/fall in the second attempt on the outcome of each method, then the data series for each method were compared with each other. Results: FEV growth averaged 14,5%, an increase of PEF — 17,5% by the end. Fall Rint index averaged 0,25 kPa/l/s. Under positive-sum test according to the ERF (30 patients out of 36) Rint drop occurred in all cases, and an average of 0,28 kPa/l/s with. Correlation (Rint and FEV r = -0,93, Rint and PEF r = -0,96) between the indices is very high. Conclusion: The technique Rint is an alternative to the classical spirometry in young children.
Key words: children, allergic diseases, bronchial asthma, airway resistance, test with bronchodilator.
Key words: children, allergic diseases, bronchial asthma, airway resistance, test with bronchodilator.
LECTURE
47-52 475
Abstract
Allergic diseases are getting more and more widespread pathology. Among them, allergic rhinitis is the most «harmless» and prognostically favorable. However, recent studies show that this disease not only significantly degrades the life quality of the children violates the cognitive function, but is a risk factor for asthma. In this connection, a special importance is attached to the adequate symptoms of allergic rhinitis control and to minimizing the adverse effects of drugs used. The article presents the results of numerous studies of the efficacy and safety of one of the drugs for the allergic rhinitis treatment, i. e. intranasal corticosteroids representative of the group — fluticasone furoate.
Key words: allergic diseases, allergic rhinitis, treatment, intranasal corticosteroids, the efficacy, safety, children.
Key words: allergic diseases, allergic rhinitis, treatment, intranasal corticosteroids, the efficacy, safety, children.
RARE DISEASES
N.D. Vashakmadze,
L.S. Namazova-Baranova,
A.K. Gevorkyan,
L.M. Kuzenkova,
A.D. Khristochevskiy,
L.M. Vysotskaya,
A.S. Dadashev
66-68 596
Abstract
Article is devoted to one of the orphan diseases — mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS), which is the result of any lysosomal enzyme deficiency (which determines the type of illness). The most common is the MPS type II (Hunter syndrome), developing as a result of deficiency of the enzyme alpha-L-iduronosulphatsulphataze. The authors are observing the largest group of children with this pathology in the Russian population — 40 patients. On the example of their own clinical cases the only existing on the date the pathogenetic treatment is provided — replacement therapy with idursulphase that significantly improves the disease prognosis.
Key words: MPS, types, Hunter syndrome, clinical course, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, children.
Key words: MPS, types, Hunter syndrome, clinical course, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, children.
For Pediatricians' Practice
E.A. Vishneva,
R.M. Torshkhoeva,
A.A. Alekseeva,
Yu.G. Levina,
K.E. Efendieva,
A.Yu. Tomilova,
N.I. Voznesenskaya
70-74 485
Abstract
Due to the prevalence of allergic disease remains an urgent problem of atopy. Genetic factors play an important role in increasing the incidence, but we cannot forget about the Еnvironmental risk factors. The epigenetics explains the hereditary modifications of gene activity without changes in DNA sequence (for example, histone modifications, DNA methylation and chromatin’s architectonic changes). Study of biomechanics and airway remodeling in asthma causes remain one of the most actual at present. A special category of patients with asthma — young children — requires special attention due to the anatomical, phenotypic, and emotional specifics. Selection of the basic treatment for such patients should be aimed for maximizing the effective deposition of the drug.
Key words: asthma, airway remodeling, preschool children, basic therapy.
Key words: asthma, airway remodeling, preschool children, basic therapy.
75-79 676
Abstract
Prevalence of allergic diseases grows constantly. Realization of genetic defects to the disease depends of impact of environment and contacts with different allergens. Prophylactic dietary avoidance is important to prevent debut of the atopic dermatitis and secondary exacerbations of the disease. Terms and preferable sequence of complementary food introduction are discussed for breast-fed and formula-fed infants; advantages of ready-made industrial products of infant meals are proved. The gradual outreach of infant’s taste spectrum and increasing step by step of load on infant’s intestine can become serious hedge for the atopic march and important measure of prevention of allergic rhinitis and asthma.
Key words: atopic march, dietetics, complementary foods, prevention of allergies, children.
Key words: atopic march, dietetics, complementary foods, prevention of allergies, children.
80-84 461
Abstract
Anemia is one of the most important issues in the chronic kidney disease treatment. As a rule, anemia is associated with a deficit of erythropoietin syntheses in the kidney. Recent studies have shown also the importance of iron deficiency — a relative or absolute. The authors demonstrate that the frequency and degree of anemia increases with progression of kidney disease i. e. losing of renal function. The iron metabolism investigation and the analysis of the therapy incomes lead the recommendations for optimization the treatment in consideration the potential causes of the therapy resistance.
Key words: anemia, chronic kidney disease, classification, iron methabolizm, transferrin, ferritin, children.
Key words: anemia, chronic kidney disease, classification, iron methabolizm, transferrin, ferritin, children.
85-88 691
Abstract
The article presents the modern approaches to preterm infants feeding, principles of parenteral and enteral nutrition. The importance of adequate control of deficit status in preterm infants at different periods of developmental care is marked. Arguments for using the enriched milk or specialized formulas for prematurity during the in-clinic and out-clinic periods of care are provided.
Key words: premature infants, enteral nutrition, formulas for premature infants, breast milk, breast milk enriches.
Key words: premature infants, enteral nutrition, formulas for premature infants, breast milk, breast milk enriches.
TRAINING FOR TRAINERS — EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM FOR PARENTS
90-93 526
Abstract
The topic of the article is the lactase deficiency in children. The most frequent clinical manifestations — diarrhea and flatulence —are not specific to this pathology. Symptoms, typical for the majority of the diseases nosologies of the digestive system, lack of timely laboratory diagnosis, and, often, lack of pediatricians awareness about the specifics of this disease are the cause of lactase deficiency under-diagnostics. The article describes in detail the physiopathological mechanisms, clinical picture, diagnosis and dietary correction of lactase deficiency, the data concerning the prevalence of this disease are cited.
Key words: lactose, lactase deficiency, children, health food.
Key words: lactose, lactase deficiency, children, health food.
94-97 440
Abstract
Cough is one of the most common complaints, the cause of the parents visit to the doctor. This symptom is usually associated with the pathology of the broncho-pulmonary system, but may also occur in a wide range of diseases, diverse in its pathogenesis and the place of affection. So, the algorithm of the patient with a cough treatment should include not only the medical history clinical and laboratory examination, but plus the experts advices, without which the diagnostic search cannot be successful. In addition, the topical application of the effective and safe drugs in ARI in young children remains the issue of the day.
Key words: cough, children, symptomatic therapy, a combined herbal medication.
Key words: cough, children, symptomatic therapy, a combined herbal medication.
FROM THE UNION OF PEDIATRICIANS OF RUSSIA
Materials (WHO, EPA/UNESPA, IPA)
JUBILEE
Page for pediatric nurse
DEBATABLE ISSUES OF PHARMACOTHERAPY
58-67 7380
Abstract
The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents are group of medicines, which are used widely in a clinical practice. Pregnant women use these drugs quite often on prescription and in self-treatment. However, data about safety of their using in this patients are limited. Objective was reporting rather more detailed information about safety nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents as a group and certain, most common used drugs (acetaminophen, ibuprophen, naproxen, diclofenac, indomethacin, ketoprofen, ketorolac, metamizol, acetylsalicylic acid, celecoxib, meloxicam, nimesulide) during pregnancy. Studies and case reports were founded in electronic databases (reprotox, Medline (at 2011) and handbook C. Schaefer “Drugs during pregnancy and lactation”. Recommendations for prescription this drugs during pregnancy were given.
Key words: adverse effect, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, pregnant women.
Key words: adverse effect, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, pregnant women.
ISSN 1727-5776 (Print)
ISSN 2500-3089 (Online)
ISSN 2500-3089 (Online)
