FORMATION OF TOILET HABITS IN CHILDREN IN MOSCOW. RETROSPECTIVE STUDY RESULTS. PART I.
https://doi.org/10.15690/pf.v9i5.455
Abstract
The article demonstrates the results of the first Russian study of the formation of toilet habits in children. It is planned to be published consequently in 2 parts due to the material extensiveness. The first article covers and comments on the results of the toilet habits’ learning process in children of Moscow Region with the help of the parametric (time) and nonparametric characteristics. It has been discovered that, on average, the child’s learning process begins at 15 months of age and finishes at 26–28 months of age. Characteristics of children’s readiness to the learning process, its strategy and tactics, difficulties and complications in the course of the process and subject data sources for parents are given. Comparative data from the foreign publications are given for several results.
toilet habits; learning process; difficulties; learning process
toilet habits; learning process; difficulties; learning process
About the Authors
G. A. Karkashadze
Scientific Centre of Children’s Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
Россия
Россия
L. S. Namazova-Baranova
Scientific Centre of Children’s Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russian Federation
Россия
Россия
O. I. Maslova
Scientific Centre of Children’s Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
Россия
Россия
S. B. Lazurenko
Scientific Centre of Children’s Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
Россия
Россия
U. N. Klochkova
Scientific Centre of Children’s Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
Россия
Россия
S. N. Zorkin
Scientific Centre of Children’s Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
Россия
Россия
E. V. Komarova
Scientific Centre of Children’s Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
Россия
Россия
O. I. Denisova
Scientific Centre of Children’s Health, Moscow, Russian Federation
Россия
Россия
References
1. Каркашадзе Г. А., Намазова-Баранова Л. С., Маслова О. И., Лазуренко С.Б., Клочкова У.Н., Зоркин С.Н., Комарова Е.В. Формирование навыков туалета у детей в России. Проблем ный анализ. Педиатрическая фармакология. 2012; 9 (2): 99–106.
2. Luxem M., Christophersen E. Behavioral toilet training in early childhood: research, practice, and implications. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1994; 15: 370–378.
3. Stadtler A. C., Gorski P. A., Brazelton Т. В. Toilet training methods, clinical interventions, and recommendations. American Academy of Pediatrics. Pediatrics. 1999; 103: 1359–1368.
4. American Academy of Pediatrics. Guide to Toilet Training. 1st ed. 2003. 224 p.
5. Brazelton Т. В., Sparrow J. D. Toilet training the Brazelton way. Cambridge, MA. De Capo Press. 2004.
6. Vermandel A., van Kampen M., van Gorp C., Wyndaele J. J. How to toilet train healthy children? A review to the literature. Neurology and Urodynamics. 2008; 27: 162–166.
7. Blum N. J., Taubman B., Nemeth N. Relationship between age at initiation of toilet training and duration of training: A prospective study. Pediatrics. 2003; 111: 810–814.
8. Largo R. H., Molinari L., von Siebenthal K., Wolfensberger U. Does a profound change in toilet training affect development of bowel and bladder control? Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology. 1996; 38: 1106–1116.
9. Koc I., Camurdan A. D., Beyazova U. et al. Toilet training in Turkey: the factors that affect timing and duration in different sociocultural groups. Child: Care Health Dev. 2008; 34 (4): 475–481.
10. Azrin N. H., Foxx R. M. Toilet Training in Less Than A Day. New York: Pocket Books. 1974.
11. Schum T. R., Kolb T. M., AcAuliffe T. L. et al. Sequential acquisition of toilet-training skills: A descriptive study of gender and age differences in normal children. Pediatrics. 2002; 109: 48.
Review
For citations:
Karkashadze G.A., Namazova-Baranova L.S., Maslova O.I., Lazurenko S.B., Klochkova U.N., Zorkin S.N., Komarova E.V., Denisova O.I. FORMATION OF TOILET HABITS IN CHILDREN IN MOSCOW. RETROSPECTIVE STUDY RESULTS. PART I. Pediatric pharmacology. 2012;9(5):50-58. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.15690/pf.v9i5.455
Views:
982
JATS XML
Email this article 