Background. One of the key aspects in the development of atopic dermatitis (AtD) is epidermal barrier dysfunction leading to the penetration of pathogens and allergens through the skin with further body sensibilisation to them. Such pathological interaction can later on lead to the development of various allergic diseases in the child which not only worsen the course of atopic dermatitis itself, but also significantly reduce the quality of life of these patients.
Objective. Aim of the study is to estimate the efficacy of therapeutic approaches for treatment of atopic dermatitis in reducing the transcutaneous sensibilisation risk in infants.
Methods. The study included children aged 1 to 4 months with established AtD from moderate to severe forms. The severity of AtD was estimated via the EASI index. The level of specific IgE (sIgE) to food and domestic allergens was measured by the ImmunoCAP method using special reagents’ sets. The sensibilisation class was established depending on the sIgE index. Statistical analysis of the studied indexes shift and their comparison between the study groups was performed via multivariate analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Results. The study included 81 patients. All patients were divided into two groups after basic AtD therapy with topical glucocorticosteroids (tGCS). Patients from study group № 1 received maintenance therapy with topical calcineurin inhibitor (TCI) (pimecrolimus 1%; PIM) for a long time, while patients from group № 2 continued to apply tGCS as proactive therapy. We have revealed that the level of sensibilisation to chicken protein and to the mixture of domestic allergens “domestic dust” was lower to the 12th month of life in group № 1 compared to group № 2 as a result of the data analysis. Children in group № 1 had faster and more significant decrease in the severity of AtD in comparison to group № 2 according to EASI index.
Conclusion. Maintenance therapy including PIM is more efficient in reducing AtD severity and in prevention of transcutaneous sensibilisation in infants.

The number of criminal cases against doctors has increased in recent years. The major reason for them was failure in delivery of any medical services that resulted in harm to health or death of the patient. The legislation of the Russian Federation for the medical industry is imperfect, however, the health care delivery failure can be associated with doctors’ non-compliance to the action algorithms specified by regulatory acts. The review has collected up-to-date legislative information regarding polypharmacy, off-label drug administration, irrational antibiotic therapy, that are neglected by doctors. Although, these problems become more and more crucial and they arouse interest of investigation bodies.

Modern approaches for the management of children with gastrointestinal pathologies include optimal nutritional support that makes it possible to replete energy failure and restore essential nutrients balance. The article presents key information on gastrointestinal diseases in which modern amino acid formulas can be used to regulate nutritional status. The authors have conducted the extensive analysis of all available for now evidence on the efficacy, safety and utility of using such innovative medical technology as special elemental formula in gastrointestinal tract pathological conditions. This material is the basis for guidlines on the use of amino acid formulas developed by expert specialists of the Union of Pediatricians of Russia in 2020.

This article presents the experience of teaching the discipline «Preventive Vaccination in Healthy Children and Children with Chronic Diseases». Its significance in preparation of students of pediatric departments of higher educational institutions of Russia is validated. It is shown that the majority of students have positive attitude to vaccination, however, they are not sufficiently informed about the organization of the process itself and they need to obtain such knowledge.

Article is based on performance of the Rector of the Kazan State Medical University at the VIII Conference «Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery in the Volga Federal District» September 20, 2011, devoted to the 70th anniversary of the famous Russian pediatricians — academician A.A. Baranov, professors V.Yu. Albitsky, A.V. Kuznetsova, S.V. Maltsev, O.I. Pikuza, who graduated Department of Pediatrics KSMA in 1964. Presents data on scientific creativity and contribution of anniversaries in pediatric science, to the protection of the health of the child population of Tatarstan and Russia.

Background. Meningococcal disease is socially significant, deadly infectious disease characterized by severe and unpredictable course.
Clinical case description. The article describes clinical case of repeated generalized infection and meningitis with laboratory unknown etiology, classic picture of meningococcal disease, typical vaccination history, and smooth course of the period between episodes in 6.2-year-old girl.
Conclusion. The point of this case is the rare registration of recurrent cases of bacterial meningitis, as well as rare possibility of meningococcal disease diagnosis in clinical practice without laboratory confirmation of the pathogen.

The clinical case of surgical treatment of combined spinal pathology in the child with Gurler syndrome is described in the article. Indications, major risk factors and aspects of surgical treatment of spinal pathology at this nosology are described in detail; all the approaches are analyzed according to the literature.
Background. We would like to draw the attention of our colleagues to this problem with this clinical case. We want to emphasize the peculiarities of orthopedic manifestations in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type IH (MPS IH). The most crucial is timely detection and surgical treatment.
Clinical case description. This article describes the aspects of surgical treatment of spinal pathology in the patient with MPS IH: progressive kyphotic deformation, stenosis and craniovertebral junction instability, significant neurological deficit, internal organs functional disorders.
Conclusion. Patients with MPS are characterized by multilevel orthopedic pathology which requires continuous follow-up throughout the life by single multidisciplinary team of specialists.