ОЦЕНКА ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ВАКЦИНАЦИИ: ОСНОВНЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ И СПОРНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ

Статья посвящена профилактике пневмококковых инфекций, которые являются одними из ведущих в структуре заболеваемости детей раннего возраста. Учитывая включение вакцинации против данной инфекции в российский  Национальный календарь профилактических прививок,  в свете прогнозирования ожидаемого эффекта массовой иммунизации авторы анализируют международные подходы к оценке результативности вакцинации. Обсуждаются сложности трактовки эпидемиологических, иммунологических и клинических данных при отсутствии исследований по прямому сравнению препаратов. Показана необходимость многокомпонентного подхода к оценке эффективности программ иммунизации, включающего оптимизацию эпидемиологического надзора, утверждение стандартного определения случая, учет результатов предрегистрационных клинических исследований вакцин и пострегистрационного наблюдения в сходных популяциях.

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