Миокардиты у детей. Этиология. Патогенез. Эпидемиология. Клиническая картина

Вниманию читателей будет представлена серия статей по миокардитам у детей, в основу которых положены разработанные группой авторов клинические рекомендации по данной тематике. Миокардит — воспалительное заболевание миокарда, для которого характерен широкий спектр клинических проявлений — от незначительных признаков до внезапной сердечной смерти. Учитывая отсутствие патогномоничных признаков, а также схожесть проявлений в дебюте с распространенными детскими заболеваниями, такими как респираторный дистресс, болезни желудочно-кишечного тракта, инфекционная патология, зачастую специалисты выпускают из виду вероятность диагноза «миокардит», что становится причиной позднего старта терапии и неблагоприятного исхода. Учитывая, что на долю миокардита приходится 12% случаев внезапной сердечной смерти у подростков и молодых людей, подозрение на это заболевание при дифференциальной диагностике у детей с неспецифической симптоматикой и прогрессированием заболевания может стать залогом формирования правильной стратегии лечения. Несмотря на существенные достижения в области изучения миокардитов как у взрослых, так и детей, остается еще много нерешенных вопросов. Целью данной статьи является освещение современного взгляда на этиологию, патогенез, эпидемиологию и особенности клинической картины у детей с различными вариантами миокардитов с целью повышения знаний практикующих врачей для лучшего клинического ведения пациентов с миокардитами.

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