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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ppharm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Педиатрическая фармакология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pediatric pharmacology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1727-5776</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/pf.v12i2.1283</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ppharm-9</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДИАГНОСТИКА В ПЕДИАТРИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDIATRIC DIAGNOSTICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОСТРЫЙ ТОНЗИЛЛИТ НА ПЕДИАТРИЧЕСКОМ УЧАСТКЕ: ЭТИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ACUTE TONSILLITIS ON THE PEDIATRIC DISTRICT: ETIOLOGIC DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черкасова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherkasova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><sec><title> </title></sec></bio><email xlink:type="simple">4erkasovva-jine@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">4erkasovva-jine@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Орловский государственный университет, Российская Федерация&#13;
Детская поликлиника № 1, Орловская область, Российская Федерация<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Orel state University, Russian Federation&#13;
Children's polyclinic № 1, Orel region, Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Орловский государственный университет, Российская Федерация<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Orel state University, Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>04</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title>Педиатрическая фармакология</issue-title><fpage>197</fpage><lpage>200</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Черкасова Е.Н., Кузнецова Т.А., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Черкасова Е.Н., Кузнецова Т.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Cherkasova E.N., Kuznetsova T.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pedpharma.ru/jour/article/view/9">https://www.pedpharma.ru/jour/article/view/9</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Острый тонзиллит является одним из наиболее распространенных  инфекционных заболеваний у детей, начиная со 2-го полугодия жизни. Возбудителями острого тонзиллита чаще являются вирусы, занчительно реже – бактерии. Среди последних наиболее значимым этиологическим агентом острого тонзиллита является ß-гемолитический стрептококк группы А (БГСА). Сложность бактериологического подтверждения БГСА-инфекции в амбулаторных условиях, опасение развития осложнений обуславливают избыточное использование антибиотиков при остром тонзиллите. Избежать недостатков культурального исследования, связанных как с поздним получением ответа на 4-5 сутки, так и логистики доставки материала в бактериологическую лабораторию позволяет использование высокоспецифичного и чувствительного экспресс-теста, позволяющего определить БГСА-этиологию острого тонзиллита  у постели больного через 5-10 мин. Цель настоящего исследования: оптимизация диагностики и лечения острого тонзиллита у детей в амбулаторных условиях. Пациенты и методы. В условиях одного педиатрического участка, численностью 935 детей в возрасте от 0 мес до 18 лет за год наблюдения зарегистрировано 79 случаев острого тонзиллита, критериями которого служили следующие признаки: гиперемия задней стенки глотки и вовлечение в воспалительный процесс небных миндалин в виде гиперемии/наложений. Помимо общеклинических методов всем детям дополнительно проводился экспресс-тест. Результаты. Популяционная частота острого тонзиллита составила 84 на 1000 детей, тонзиллита, вызванного ß-гемолитическим стрептококком группы А, 7,3 на 1000 детей. Удельный вес БГСА-тонзиллита среди других острых тонзиллитов составил 8,8%. Детям с острым тонзиллитом БГСА-этиологии назначался амоксициллин 50 мг/кг 10 дней. Заключение. Использование экспресс-диагностики БГСА-инфекции позволяет снизить применение антибиотиков при остром тонзиллите у детей до 8,8%.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Acute tonsillitis is one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in children starting from the 6th month of live. Acute tonsillitis is more often triggered by viri rather than bacteria. Among the latter, the most significant etiological agent is the ß-hemolytic streptococcus of group A (BHSA). The difficulty of bacterial confirmation of a BHSA infection out-patient conditions, the fear of complications produce an excess usage of antibiotics while treating acute tonsillitis. It is possible to avoid the drawbacks of cultural studies (connected with a late response — around 4–5 days — and with the logistics of the material to the bacteriological laboratory) by using the highly specific and sensitive express-test, which allows to determine a BHSA etiology of the acute tonsillitis right at the patient’s bed in 5–10 minutes. Aim: to optimize the diagnostics and treatment of acute tonsillitis in children in out-patient conditions. Patients and methods. In the conditions of a single paediatric district with 935 children aged 0 to 18 years 79 cases of acute tonsillitis were registered over the period of 1 year of surveillance. The criteria were: hyperemia of the back side of the throat, inflammation of the tonsils in the form of hyperemia/impositions. Along with general clinical methods all children received and additional express-test. Results. The population prevalence of acute tonsillitis was 84 per 1000 children, while the prevalence of BHSA-induced tonsillitis was 7.3 per 1000. The overall percentage of BHSA tonsillitis among other types of tonsillitis was 8.8%. Children with an acute BHSA-induced tonsillitis were prescrived with amoxicilline 50 mg/kg for 10 days. Conclusion. Using the express-diagnostics of the BHSA infection allows for a reduction in antibiotics usage in children with acute tonsillitis to 8.8%.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>острый тонзиллит</kwd><kwd>ß-гемолитический стрептококк группы А</kwd><kwd>популяционная частота</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>экспресс-тест</kwd><kwd>антибактериальная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>acute tonsillitis</kwd><kwd>ß-hemolytic streptococcus of group A</kwd><kwd>population prevalenc</kwd><kwd>diagnostics</kwd><kwd>express-test</kwd><kwd>antibacterial therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tatochenko V.K., Bakradze M.D., Darmanyan A.S. Acute tonsillitis in children: diagnosis and treatment. 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