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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ppharm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Педиатрическая фармакология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pediatric pharmacology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1727-5776</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/pf.v11i4.1062</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ppharm-71</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>РОЛЬ ПРОБИОТИКОВ В ПРОФИЛАКТИКЕ И ЛЕЧЕНИИ АНТИБИОТИКОАССОЦИИРОВАННОЙ ДИАРЕИ У ДЕТЕЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ROLE OF PROBIOTICS IN PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF ANTIBIOTIC-ASSOCIATED DIARRHEA IN CHILDREN</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сурков</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Surkov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник, врач-гастроэнтеролог отделения восстановительного лечения детей с болезнями органов пищеварительной системы НИИ профилактической педиатрии и восстановительного лечения Научного центра здоровья детей Адрес: 119991, Москва, Ломоносовский проспект, д. 2, стр. 3, тел.: +7 (499) 134-02-76</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">surkov@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научный центр здоровья детей, Москва, Российская Федерация<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Scientific Center of Children’s Health, Moscow, Russian Federation<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>08</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><issue-title>Педиатрическая фармакология</issue-title><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сурков А.Н., 2014</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сурков А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Surkov A.N.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pedpharma.ru/jour/article/view/71">https://www.pedpharma.ru/jour/article/view/71</self-uri><abstract><p>Во многих научных исследованиях была доказана важная роль микробиоты в поддержании адекватного функционирования макроорганизма и освещены разнообразные проблемы, связанные с нарушениями ее постоянства. Так, одной из наиболее частых причин возникновения кишечного дисбиоза у детей является антибиотикотерапия, на фоне которой может развиваться антибиотикоассоциированная диарея (ААД), связанная, в частности, с патологическим действием продуктов жизнедеятельности Clostridium difficile: энтеротоксина (токсина А), цитоксина (токсин Б) и белка, угнетающего перистальтику кишечника. Тем не менее сведения о распространенности ААД у детей в мире представлены в научной литературе весьма скудно, что не позволяет оценить всю масштабность данной проблемы. Именно поэтому очевидна необходимость постоянного совершенствования представлений врачей разного профиля о роли нормальной микробиоты, этиологических факторах, приводящих к ее патологическим изменениям, подходах к коррекции дисбиотических расстройств. При анализе современной научной литературы установлено, что распространенность АДД у детей в разных странах варьирует от 6,2 до 80%. При этом наибольшая частота (23%) ее возникновения связана с приемом амоксициллина/клавуланата. Кроме того, существуют данные, что риск развития ААД повышается еще больше у детей в возрасте младше 2 лет. В то же время имеются сведения о протективном влиянии на микробиоту кишечника пробиотиков, особенно комплексных препаратов, содержащих сбалансированную комбинацию бифидо- и лактобактерий.</p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Numerous scientific studies have proved an important role of microbiota in maintaining adequate functioning of the macroorganism and thrown light upon the various issues associated with functional disturbances. Thus, one of the most common causes of intestinal dysbiosis in children is antibiotic therapy, in the setting whereof antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) associated with, but not limited to, pathological activity of Clostridium difficile byproducts — enterotoxin (toxin A), cytotoxin (toxin B) and intestinal peristalsis-inhibiting protein — may develop. However, there are only few published research data on AAD prevalence in children all over the world, which is why it appears impossible to assess the large scale of the problem. That is why it is absolutely necessary to continuously upgrade perception of the role of normal microbiota, etiological factors inducing pathological alterations thereof and approaches to correction of dysbiotic disorders by various medical specialists. Analysis of the current scientific literature demonstrated that AAD prevalence in children varies from 6.2 to 80% depending on the country. The most common (23%) cause of AAD is associated with amoxicillin/clavulanate intake. Moreover, there are data indicating that the AAD development risk is the highest in under-2 children.At the same time, there are data on the protective effect of probiotics, especially of the complex drugs containing a balancedcombination of bifidus and lactic bacteria, on microbiota.</p><p> </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антибиотикоассоциированная диарея</kwd><kwd>Clostridium difficile</kwd><kwd>пробиотики</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antibiotic-associated diarrhea</kwd><kwd>Clostridium difficile</kwd><kwd>probiotics</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Запруднов А. М., Мазанкова Л. Н. Микробная флора кишечника и пробиотики. 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