<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ppharm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Педиатрическая фармакология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pediatric pharmacology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1727-5776</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/pf.v23i2.3030</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ppharm-2792</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные представления о методах лечения болезни Крона у детей (научный обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Current Approaches to the Treatment of Pediatric Crohn’s Disease: A Scientific Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1143-9468</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трондина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trondina</surname><given-names>Anastasia A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Трондина Анастасия Александровна</p><p>Чита </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD </p><p>Chita </p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aznakaeva.nastya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2032-7612</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щербак</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shcherbak</surname><given-names>Vladimir A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Щербак Владимир Александрович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой педиатрии факультета дополнительного профессионального образования </p><p>672000, Чита, ул. Горького, д. 39А </p><p>тел.: +7 (3022) 35-43-24 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>MD, PhD, Professor </p><p>39A, Gorky Str., Chita, 672000 </p><p>+7 (302) 235-43-24 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shcherbak2001@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Читинская государственная медицинская академия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Chita State Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>89</fpage><lpage>95</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Трондина А.А., Щербак В.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Трондина А.А., Щербак В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Trondina A.A., Shcherbak V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pedpharma.ru/jour/article/view/2792">https://www.pedpharma.ru/jour/article/view/2792</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре представлены основные подходы к лечению детей, страдающих болезнью Крона (БК). Особое внимание уделено консервативным методам, которые главным образом поддерживают ремиссию у пациентов с неосложненными формами заболевания. В основе лечения БК лежат изменение образа жизни, диетотерапия и устранение факторов, вызывающих обострение. Наибольшую эффективность доказала медикаментозная терапия, в которую входят уже проверенные временем лекарственные средства, а также современные высокотехнологичные генно-инженерные биологические препараты. Таким образом, сочетание данных технологий, позволяющих снизить частоту обострений и улучшить качество жизни пациентов, широко применяется в лечении среднетяжелых и неосложненных форм БК. Однако при осложненных и тяжелых случаях, когда консервативная терапия не дает положительных результатов, следует обратить внимание на хирургические методы лечения. В настоящее время наиболее целесообразен лапароскопический метод, характеризующийся меньшей травматичностью и коротким восстановительным периодом. Также следует отметить, что рецидив заболевания при применении лапароскопии наступает намного реже, чем при открытых техниках оперативного лечения. Выбор верной терапевтической стратегии остается решающим фактором в ведении пациентов с БК, поскольку ошибочная тактика может привести к рецидивам и осложнениям, которых удалось бы избежать.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This review presents the main approaches to the treatment of children suffering from Crohn’s disease (CD). Special attention is paid to conservative methods, which primarily maintain remission in patients with uncomplicated forms of the disease. The cornerstone of CD treatment includes lifestyle modifications, dietary therapy, and the elimination of factors that trigger exacerbations. Pharmacological therapy has demonstrated the greatest efficacy, comprising both time-tested drugs and modern high-tech genetically engineered biological agents. Thuswise, the combination of these technologies, which reduces the frequency of relapses and improves patients’ quality of life, is widely used in the management of moderate and uncomplicated forms of CD. However, in complicated and severe cases where conservative therapy fails to produce positive results, surgical treatment methods should be considered. Currently, the laparoscopic approach is the most appropriate, characterized by lower invasiveness and a shorter recovery period. It should also be noted that disease recurrence occurs much less frequently compared to open surgical techniques. The choice of the correct therapeutic strategy remains a decisive factor in the management of pediatric patients with CD, as inappropriate tactics can lead to relapses and complications that could otherwise be avoided.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь Крона</kwd><kwd>генно-инженерная биологическая терапия</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>диетотерапия</kwd><kwd>медикаментозное лечение</kwd><kwd>хирургическое лечение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Crohn’s disease</kwd><kwd>genetically engineered biological therapy</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>diet therapy</kwd><kwd>drug treatment</kwd><kwd>surgical treatment</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Отсутствует.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Not specified.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Спасова Т.Е. Опыт применения генно-инженерных биологических препаратов в лечении болезни Крона // Вестник Бурятского государственного университета. Медицина и фармация. — 2024. — № 1. — С. 47–52. — doi: https://doi.org/10.18101/2306-1995-2024-1-47-52</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Spasova TE. Experience of Treating Crohn’s Disease Using Genetically Engineered Biological Agents. Bulletin of Buryat State University. Medicine and Pharmacy. 2024;(1):47–52. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.18101/2306-1995-2024-1-47-52</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Богданов А.Н., Горбунова Е.В., Горячев Д.В., Петранева Е.В. Современные подходы к планированию и проведению клинических исследований лекарственных препаратов для лечения болезни Крона // Ведомости Научного центра экспертизы средств медицинского применения. — 2020. — Т. 10. — № 2. — С. 111–120. — doi: https://doi.org/10.30895/1991-2919-2020-10-2-111-120</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bogdanov АN, Gorbunova EV, Goryachev DV, Petraneva EV. Current Approaches to Planning and Conducting Clinical Trials of Medicinal Products for the Treatment of Crohn’s Disease. Vedomosti Nauchnogo tsentra ekspertizy sredstv meditsinskogo primeneniya = The Bulletin of the Scientific Centre for Expert Evaluation of Medicinal Products. 2020;10(2):111–120. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.30895/1991-2919-2020-10-2-111-120</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grover Z, Alex G. Management of inflammatory bowel disease in children: It is time for an individualised approach. J Paediatr Child Health. 2020;56(11):1677–1684. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jpc.14652</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grover Z, Alex G. Management of inflammatory bowel disease in children: It is time for an individualised approach. J Paediatr Child Health. 2020;56(11):1677–1684. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jpc.14652</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Зенкова К.И., Скворцова В.А., Потапов А.С. и др. Диетотерапия в комплексном лечении детей с болезнью Крона // Российский педиатрический журнал. — 2025. — Т. 28. — № 1. — С. 33–40. — doi: https://doi.org/10.46563/10.46563/1560-9561-2025-28-1-33-40</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zenkova KI, Skvortsova VA, Potapov AS, et al. Diet therapy in the complex treatment of children with Crohn’s disease. Rossiyskiy Pediatricheskiy Zhurnal = Russian Pediatric Journal. 2025;28(1):33–40. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.46563/10.46563/1560-9561-2025-28-1-33-40</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deas J, Shah ND, Konijeti GG, et al. Dietary therapies for adult and pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. Nutr Clin Pract. 2024;39(3):530–545. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ncp.11146</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deas J, Shah ND, Konijeti GG, et al. Dietary therapies for adult and pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. Nutr Clin Pract. 2024;39(3):530–545. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ncp.11146</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гулунов З.Х., Соусова Я.В., Корбесова Н.Г. Лечебное питание при болезни Крона // Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. — 2025. — № 2. — С. 194–206. — doi: https://doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-234-2-194-206</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gulunov ZKh, Sousova YaV, Korbesova NG. Therapeutic nutrition for Crohn’s disease. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2025;(2):194–206. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-234-2-194-206</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Spencer EA, Dubinsky MC. Precision Medicine in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2021;68(6):1171–1190. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2021.07.011</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Spencer EA, Dubinsky MC. Precision Medicine in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2021;68(6):1171–1190. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2021.07.011</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jasser-Nitsche H, Bechtold-Dalla Pozza S, et al. Comorbidity of inflammatory bowel disease in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Acta Paediatr. 2021;110(4):1353–1358. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.15643</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jasser-Nitsche H, Bechtold-Dalla Pozza S, et al. Comorbidity of inflammatory bowel disease in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Acta Paediatr. 2021;110(4):1353–1358. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.15643</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adamina M, Bonovas S, Raine T, et al. ECCO Guidelines on Therapeutics in Crohn’s Disease: Surgical Treatment. J Crohns Colitis. 2020;14(2):155–168. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/eccojcc/jjz187</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adamina M, Bonovas S, Raine T, et al. ECCO Guidelines on Therapeutics in Crohn’s Disease: Surgical Treatment. J Crohns Colitis. 2020;14(2):155–168. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/eccojcc/jjz187</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sigall Boneh R, Westoby C, Oseran I, et al. The Crohn’s Disease Exclusion Diet: A Comprehensive Review of Evidence, Implementation Strategies, Practical Guidance, and Future Directions. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2024;30(10):1888–1902. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izad255</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sigall Boneh R, Westoby C, Oseran I, et al. The Crohn’s Disease Exclusion Diet: A Comprehensive Review of Evidence, Implementation Strategies, Practical Guidance, and Future Directions. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2024;30(10):1888–1902. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izad255</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yamamoto T, Nakahigashi M, Shimoyama T, Umegae S. Does preoperative enteral nutrition reduce the incidence of surgical complications in patients with Crohn’s disease? A case-matched study. Colorectal Dis. 2020;22(5):554–561. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/codi.14922</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yamamoto T, Nakahigashi M, Shimoyama T, Umegae S. Does preoperative enteral nutrition reduce the incidence of surgical complications in patients with Crohn’s disease? A case-matched study. Colorectal Dis. 2020;22(5):554–561. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/codi.14922</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dalzell AM, Ba’Ath ME. Paediatric inflammatory bowel disease: review with a focus on practice in low- to middle-income countries. Paediatr Int Child Health. 2019;39(1):48–58. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/20469047.2019.1575056</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dalzell AM, Ba’Ath ME. Paediatric inflammatory bowel disease: review with a focus on practice in low- to middle-income countries. Paediatr Int Child Health. 2019;39(1):48–58. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/20469047.2019.1575056</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lamb CA, Kennedy NA, Raine T, et al. British Society of Gastroenterology consensus guidelines on the management of inflammatory bowel disease in adults. Gut. 2019;68(Suppl 3):s1– s106. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318484</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lamb CA, Kennedy NA, Raine T, et al. British Society of Gastroenterology consensus guidelines on the management of inflammatory bowel disease in adults. Gut. 2019;68(Suppl 3):s1– s106. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318484</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Щербакова О.В., Разумовский А.Ю., Шумилов П.В., Ионов А.Л. Выбор оптимальной стратегии лечения детей с болезнью Крона и кроноподобными иммунодефицитами с перианальными поражениями // Вопросы детской диетологии. — 2019. — Т. 17. — № 1. — С. 7–16. — doi: https://doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2019-1-7-16</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shcherbakova OV, Razumovskiy AYu, Shumilov PV, Ionov AL. The choice of the optimal strategy for treatment of children with Crohn’s disease and Crohn-like immunodeficiencies with perianal lesions. Voprosy detskoi dietologii = Pediatric Nutrition. 2019;17(1):7–16. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2019-1-7-16</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бикбавова Г.Р., Ахмедов В.А., Третьякова Т.В., Пирожкова А.М. Ведение пациентов с болезнью Крона — от истории до современных подходов // Медицинский алфавит. — 2024. — № 26. — С. 7–14. — doi: https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2024-26-7-14</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bikbavova GR, Akhmedov VA, Tretyakova TV, Pirozhkova AM. Management of patients with Crohn’s disease — from history to modern approaches. Medical alphabet. 2024;(26):7–14. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2024-26-7-14</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Turner ST, Focht G, Orlanski-Meyer E, et al. Fatigue in pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases: A systematic review and a single center experience. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2024;78(2):241–251. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/jpn3.12039</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Turner ST, Focht G, Orlanski-Meyer E, et al. Fatigue in pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases: A systematic review and a single center experience. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2024;78(2):241–251. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/jpn3.12039</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rubalcava NS, Gadepalli SK. Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children and Adolescents. Adv Pediatr. 2021;68(12):121–142. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yapd.2021.05.005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rubalcava NS, Gadepalli SK. Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children and Adolescents. Adv Pediatr. 2021;68(12):121–142. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yapd.2021.05.005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torres J, Bonovas S, Doherty G, et al. ECCO Guidelines on Therapeutics in Crohn’s Disease: Medical Treatment. J Crohns Colitis. 2020;14(1):4–22. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz180</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torres J, Bonovas S, Doherty G, et al. ECCO Guidelines on Therapeutics in Crohn’s Disease: Medical Treatment. J Crohns Colitis. 2020;14(1):4–22. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz180</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Таращук А.Н., Жарова М.Е., Иванников И.О. Поддерживающая иммуносупрессивная терапия при болезни Крона: приверженность пациента и ее влияние на эффективность лечения. Клинический случай // Доказательная гастроэнтерология. — 2024. — Т. 13. — № 2. — С. 90–96. — doi: https://doi.org/10.17116/docgastro20241302190</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tarashchuk AN, Zharova ME, Ivannikov IO. Maintenance immunosuppressive therapy for Crohn’s disease: patient adherence and its impact on treatment efficacy. Case report. Russian Journal of EvidenceBased Gastroenterology. 2024;13(2):90–96. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.17116/docgastro20241302190</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аракелян А.Л., Сурков А.Н., Бессонов Е.Е. и др. Язвенный колит и болезнь Крона в детском возрасте: актуальные вопросы и решения // Вопросы современной педиатрии. — 2025. — Т. 24. — № 3. — С. 146–156. — doi: https://doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v24i3.2918</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arakelyan AL, Surkov AN, Bessonov EE, et al. Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease in Childhood: Topical Issues and Solutions. Voprosy sovremennoi pediatrii — Current Pediatrics. 2025;24(3):146–156. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v24i3.2918</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu J, Di B, Xu LL. Recent advances in the treatment of IBD: Targets, mechanisms and related therapies. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2023;71-72:1–12. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.07.001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu J, Di B, Xu LL. Recent advances in the treatment of IBD: Targets, mechanisms and related therapies. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2023;71-72:1–12. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.07.001</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jongsma MME, Aardoom MA, Cozijnsen MA, et al. First-line treatment with infliximab versus conventional treatment in children with newly diagnosed moderate-to-severe Crohn’s disease: an openlabel multicentre randomised controlled trial. Gut. 2022;71(1):34– 42. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322339</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jongsma MME, Aardoom MA, Cozijnsen MA, et al. First-line treatment with infliximab versus conventional treatment in children with newly diagnosed moderate-to-severe Crohn’s disease: an openlabel multicentre randomised controlled trial. Gut. 2022;71(1):34– 42. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322339</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Seyedian SS, Nokhostin F, Malamir MD. A review of the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment methods of inflammatory bowel disease. J Med Life. 2019;12(2):113–122. doi: https://doi.org/10.25122/jml-2018-0075</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Seyedian SS, Nokhostin F, Malamir MD. A review of the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment methods of inflammatory bowel disease. J Med Life. 2019;12(2):113–122. doi: https://doi.org/10.25122/jml-2018-0075</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tanida S, Mizoshita T, Ozeki K, et al. The first case of biological therapy discontinuation after a complete remission induced by maintenance therapy with adalimumab for refractory ulcerative colitis. J Clin Med Res. 2015;7(2):118–121. doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jocmr1991w</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tanida S, Mizoshita T, Ozeki K, et al. The first case of biological therapy discontinuation after a complete remission induced by maintenance therapy with adalimumab for refractory ulcerative colitis. J Clin Med Res. 2015;7(2):118–121. doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/jocmr1991w</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жилин И.В., Чашкова Е.Ю., Жилина А.А., Горбунов В.В. Значение полиморфизма генов некоторых про- и противовоспалительных цитокинов у пациентов с тяжелым течением язвенного колита // Забайкальский медицинский вестник. — 2024. — № 2. — С. 2–10. — doi: https://doi.org/10.52485/19986173_2024_2_1</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhilin IV, Chashkova EYu, Zhilina АА, Gorbunov VV. The significance of gene polymorphism of some pro- and antiinflammatory cytokines in patients with severe ulcerative colitis. Transbaikalian Medical Bulletin. 2024;(2):2–10. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.52485/19986173_2024_2_1</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хавкин А.И., Налетов А.В., Марченко Н.А. Воспалительные заболевания кишечника у детей: современные достижения в диагностике и терапии // Российский журнал гастроэнтерологии, гепатологии, колопроктологии. — 2023. — Т. 33. — № 6. — С. 7–15. — doi: https://doi.org/10.22416/1382-4376-2023-33-6-7-15</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khavkin AI, Nalyotov AV, Marchenko NA. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in Children: Modern Achievements in Diagnostics and Therapy. Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology. 2023;33(6):7–15. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.22416/1382-4376-2023-33-6-7-15</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jois A, Alex G. Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children. Indian J Pediatr. 2024;91(5):490–498. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-023-04671-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jois A, Alex G. Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children. Indian J Pediatr. 2024;91(5):490–498. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-023-04671-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Самолыго И.С., Аминова А.И., Ерюшова Т.Ю. и др. Необычное начало и течение болезни Крона у детей // Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. — 2024. — № 6. — С. 221–224. — doi: https://doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-226-6-221-224</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Samolygo IS, Aminova AI, Eryushova TYu, et al. Unusual Onset and Course of Crohn’s Disease in Children. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2024;(6):221–224. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-226-6-221-224</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lichtenstein GR, Loftus EV, Isaacs KL, et al. ACG Clinical Guideline: Management of Crohn’s Disease in Adults. Am J Gastroenterol. 2018;113(4):481–517. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2018.27</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lichtenstein GR, Loftus EV, Isaacs KL, et al. ACG Clinical Guideline: Management of Crohn’s Disease in Adults. Am J Gastroenterol. 2018;113(4):481–517. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/ajg.2018.27</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Martins R, Carmona C, George B, et al. Management of Crohn’s disease: summary of updated NICE guidance. BMJ. 2019;367:l5940. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l5940</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Martins R, Carmona C, George B, et al. Management of Crohn’s disease: summary of updated NICE guidance. BMJ. 2019;367:l5940. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.l5940</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Данилов М.А., Демидова А.А., Князев О.В., Каграманова А.В. Место хирургии в комплексном лечении болезни Крона // Наука молодых (Eruditio Juvenium). — 2024. — Т. 12. — № 4. — С. 655– 663. — doi: https://doi.org/10.23888/HMJ2024124655-663</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Danilov MA, Demidova AA, Knyazev OV, Kagramanova AV. Place of Surgery in the Complex Treatment of Crohn’s Disease. Science of the young (Eruditio Juvenium). 2024;12(4):655–663. doi: https://doi.org/10.23888/HMJ2024124655-663</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Voskuil MD, Bangma A, Weersma RK, Festen EAM. Predicting (side) effects for patients with inflammatory bowel disease: The promise of pharmacogenetics. World J Gastroenterol. 2019;25(21):2539–2548. doi: https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v25.i21.2539</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Voskuil MD, Bangma A, Weersma RK, Festen EAM. Predicting (side) effects for patients with inflammatory bowel disease: The promise of pharmacogenetics. World J Gastroenterol. 2019;25(21):2539–2548. doi: https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v25. i21.2539</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бекин А.С., Дьяконова Е.Ю., Гусев А.А. и др. Результаты этапного хирургического лечения детей с поражением илеоцекальной области и распространенным активным воспалением при болезни Крона // Детская хирургия. — 2023. — Т. 27. — № 2. — C. 82–90. — doi: https://doi.org/10.55308/1560-9510-2023-27-2-82-90</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bekin AS, D’yakonova EY, Gusev AA, et al. Outcomes after staged surgical treatment of children with ileocecal lesions and active extensive inflammation in Crohn’s disease. Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery. 2023;27(2):82–90. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.55308/1560-9510-2023-27-2-82-90</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Старостин А.М., Воробей А.В., Шулейко А.Ч. Болезнь Крона: варианты и результаты хирургического лечения, предикторы послеоперационных осложнений // Хирургия. Восточная Европа. — 2023. — Т. 12. — № 1. — С. 37–47. — doi: https://doi.org/10.34883/PI.2023.12.1.014</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Starostin AM, Vorobei AV, Shuleiko AC. Crohn’s Disease: Options and Results of Surgical treatment, Predictors of Postoperative Complications. Surgery. Eastern Europe. 2023;12(1):37–47. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.34883/PI.2023.12.1.014</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пономарева М.Н., Карпова Д.А., Патрикеева И.М. и др. Офтальмопатии при болезни Крона (клиническое наблюдение) // Медицинская наука и образование Урала. — 2022. — Т. 23. — № 2. — С. 150–153. — doi: https://doi.org/10.36361/18148999_2022_23_2_150</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ponomareva MN, Karpova DA, Patrikeeva IM, et al. Ophthalmopathy in Crohn’s disease (clinical observation). Medical science and education of Ural. 2022;23(2):150–153. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.36361/18148999_2022_23_2_150</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Успенский Ю.П., Сарана А.М., Иванов С.В. и др. Эпидемиология язвенного колита и болезни Крона: аналитические данные первого регионального регистра воспалительных заболеваний кишечника Санкт-Петербурга на базе государственной информационной системы здравоохранения // Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. — 2025. — № 2. — С. 15–24. — doi: https://doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-234-2-15-24</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Uspenskiy YuP, Sarana AM, Ivanov SV, et al. Epidemiology of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease: analytical data from the first regional registry of inflammatory bowel diseases of Saint Petersburg based on the state health information system. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2025;(2):15–24. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-234-2-15-24</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vuijk SA, Camman AE, de Ridder L. Considerations in Paediatric and Adolescent Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis. 2024;18(Suppl_2):ii31–ii45. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/eccojcc/jjae087</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vuijk SA, Camman AE, de Ridder L. Considerations in Paediatric and Adolescent Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J Crohns Colitis. 2024;18(Suppl_2):ii31–ii45. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/eccojcc/jjae087</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Никитина И.А., Леонтьев А.В., Сытьков В.В. и др. Лечение перианальных проявлений болезни Крона // Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. — 2025. — № 2. — С. 187–193. — doi: https://doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-234-2-187-193</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nikitina IA, Leontyev AV, Sytkov VV, et al. Treatment of perianal manifestations of Crohn’s disease. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2025;(2):187–193. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-234-2-187-193</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Русова Т.В., Ратманова Г.А. Диспансеризация детей с язвенным колитом и болезнью Крона // Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология. — 2019. — Т. 171. — № 11. — С. 51–58. — doi: https://doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-171-11-51-58</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rusova TV, Ratmanov GA. Regular medical examination of children with ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2019;171(11):51–58. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-171-11-51-58</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bouhuys M, Lexmond WS, van Rheenen PF. Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Pediatrics. 2023;151(1):e2022058037. doi: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2022-058037</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bouhuys M, Lexmond WS, van Rheenen PF. Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Pediatrics. 2023;151(1):e2022058037. doi: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2022-058037</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tan YH, Siew JX, Thomas B, Ng KC. Patient-reported outcome measures and value-based medicine in paediatrics: a timely review. Singapore Med J. 2023;64(5):285–293. doi: https://doi.org/10.11622/smedj.2021102</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tan YH, Siew JX, Thomas B, Ng KC. Patient-reported outcome measures and value-based medicine in paediatrics: a timely review. Singapore Med J. 2023;64(5):285–293. doi: https://doi.org/10.11622/smedj.2021102</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аракелян А.Л., Сурков А.Н., Баранов А.А. и др. Лингвистическая корректность и достоверность содержания русской версии модуля гастроинтестинальных симптомов опросника PedsQL™ для пациентов педиатрического профиля // Педиатрическая фармакология. — 2023. — Т. 20. — № 2. — С. 112–119. — doi: https://doi.org/10.15690/pf.v20i2.2553</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arakelyan AL, Surkov AN, Baranov AA, et al. Linguistic accuracy and authenticity of the content of the Russian version of the module of gastrointestinal symptoms of the PedsQL™ questionnaire for pediatric patients. Pediatricheskaya farmakologiya — Pediatric pharmacology. 2023;20(2):112–119. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.15690/pf.v20i2.2553</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Felipez LM, Ali S, de Zoeten EF, et al. North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition position paper on the therapeutic drug monitoring in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2025;81(4):1100– 1117. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/jpn3.70158</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Felipez LM, Ali S, de Zoeten EF, et al. North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition position paper on the therapeutic drug monitoring in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2025;81(4):1100– 1117. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/jpn3.70158</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
