<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ppharm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Педиатрическая фармакология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pediatric pharmacology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1727-5776</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/pf.v22i5.2971</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ppharm-2701</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЙ СЛУЧАЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CASE REPORT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экзогенная гиперандрогения у детей в результате непреднамеренного воздействия топическими андрогенами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Exogenous Hyperandrogenism in Children due to Unintentional Exposure to Topical Androgens</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0434-9088</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликова</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikova</surname><given-names>Kristina S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куликова Кристина Сергеевна, к.м.н., детский эндокринолог</p><p>115522, г. Москва, ул. Москворечье, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kristina S. Kulikova, MD, PhD</p><p>1, Moskvorechye Str., Moscow, 115522</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kristinakulikova87@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2000-7694</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калинченко</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinchenko</surname><given-names>Natalia Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калинченко Наталья Юрьевна, к.м.н.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia Yu. Kalinchenko, MD, PhD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kalinnat@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7736-5372</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колодкина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolodkina</surname><given-names>Anna A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колодкина Анна Александровна, к.м.н.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Kolodkina, MD, PhD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anna_kolodkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2998-0893</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бублик</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bublik</surname><given-names>Evgeniya V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бублик Евгения Викторовна, к.м.н.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniya V. Bublik, MD, PhD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.bublik@ihospital.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8500-4841</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тюльпаков</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyulpakov</surname><given-names>Anatoliy N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тюльпаков Анатолий Николаевич, д.м.н.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoliy N. Tyulpakov, MD, PhD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anatolytiulpakov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии им. акад. И.И. Дедова; Медико-генетический научный центр им. акад. Н.П. Бочкова; Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова (Пироговский Университет); Ильинская больница; Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. В.И. Кулакова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.I. Dedov Endocrinology Research Center; N.P. Bochkov Research Centre for Medical Genetics; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Ilyinskaya Hospital; V.I. Kulakov National Medical Scientific Centre of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Perinatal Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии им. акад. И.И. Дедова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.I. Dedov Endocrinology Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии им. акад. И.И. Дедова; Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. В.И. Кулакова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.I. Dedov Endocrinology Research Center; V.I. Kulakov National Medical Scientific Centre of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Perinatal Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ильинская больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ilyinskaya Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медико-генетический научный центр им. акад. Н.П. Бочкова; Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова (Пироговский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.P. Bochkov Research Centre for Medical Genetics; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>610</fpage><lpage>614</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Куликова К.С., Калинченко Н.Ю., Колодкина А.А., Бублик Е.В., Тюльпаков А.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Куликова К.С., Калинченко Н.Ю., Колодкина А.А., Бублик Е.В., Тюльпаков А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kulikova K.S., Kalinchenko N.Y., Kolodkina A.A., Bublik E.V., Tyulpakov A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pedpharma.ru/jour/article/view/2701">https://www.pedpharma.ru/jour/article/view/2701</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснование. Применение топических андрогенов в последние годы приобретает все более широкую популярность в связи с доступностью и простотой использования в домашних условиях. Однако низкая осведомленность о предосторожности при применении топического геля может приводить к непреднамеренному вторичному воздействию препаратом на третьих лиц, включая риск развития экзогенной гиперандрогении у детей. Описание клинических случаев. В статье приведено описание 5 пациентов (3 мальчика и 2 девочки), поводом обследования которых были признаки преждевременного полового развития (ППР): лобковое оволосение, увеличение полового члена или клитора, ускорение роста и опережение костного возраста. По результатам у всех пациентов были выявлены изолированное повышение уровня тестостерона в крови, низкие значения гонадотропных гормонов и других показателей стероидного профиля. В ходе повторного проактивного опроса родителей стало известно об использовании отцами пациентов трансдермальных форм тестостерона и несоблюдении ими правил предосторожности по возможному попаданию данных средств на кожу детей. После исключения экзогенного воздействия андрогена у всех пациентов уровень тестостерона в крови снизился до препубертатных значений. При динамическом наблюдении у двоих пациентов запустилось гонадотропинзависимое ППР, что потребовало назначения терапии трипторелином. Заключение. Данная серия случаев показывает необходимость повышения осведомленности врачей и пациентов о возможном риске развития экзогенной гиперандрогении у детей при непреднамеренном воздействии трансдермальными андрогенами в результате применения этих препаратов родителями или опекунами и, соответственно, о важности соблюдения мер предосторожности. Тщательный сбор семейного и социального анамнеза у детей с признаками преждевременного полового созревания имеет важное значение в своевременности диагностики экзогенной причины гиперандрогении и выборе обследования и лечения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. The usage of topical androgens has become increasingly popular in recent years due to their availability and ease of use at home. However, a lack of awareness about the precautions to be taken when using topical gels can lead to unintended secondary exposure of third parties, including the risk of developing exogenous hyperandrogenism in children. Case Reports describe 5 patients (3 boys and 2 girls) who were examined for signs of precocious sexual development (PSD): pubic hair, enlargement of the penis or clitoris, accelerated growth, and advanced bone age. All patients showed isolated increases in blood testosterone levels, low values of gonadotropic hormones, and other indicators of the steroid profile. During a repeated proactive survey of parents, it was revealed that the patients’ fathers were using transdermal forms of testosterone and were not following the precautions to avoid exposing their children to these products. After eliminating the exogenous exposure to androgen, all patients’ blood testosterone levels returned to prepubertal levels. During follow-up, two patients developed gonadotropin-dependent PSD, necessitating the initiation of triptorelin therapy. Conclusion. These case reports highlight the need for increased awareness among physicians and patients of the potential risk of developing exogenous hyperandrogenism in children with unintentional exposure to transdermal androgens as a result of parental or guardian use of these medications and, consequently, the importance of taking precautions. Thorough collection of family and social history in children with signs of precocious puberty is essential in the timely diagnosis of an exogenous cause of hyperandrogenism and in the selection of examination and treatment.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>экзогенная гиперандрогения</kwd><kwd>преждевременное половое развитие</kwd><kwd>тестотоксикоз</kwd><kwd>гипертрофия клитора</kwd><kwd>лобковое оволосение</kwd><kwd>трансдермальный тестостерон</kwd><kwd>андроген</kwd><kwd>липогель тестостерона</kwd><kwd>бодибилдинг</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>exogenous hyperandrogenism</kwd><kwd>precocious sexual development</kwd><kwd>testotoxicosis</kwd><kwd>clitoral hypertrophy</kwd><kwd>pubic hair</kwd><kwd>transdermal testosterone</kwd><kwd>androgen</kwd><kwd>testosterone lipogel</kwd><kwd>bodybuilding</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Отсутствует.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Not specified.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yu YM, Punyasavatsu N, Elder D, D’Ercole AJ. Sexual development in a two-year-old boy by topical exposure to testosterone. Pediatrics. 1999:104(2):e23. doi: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.104.2.e23</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yu YM, Punyasavatsu N, Elder D, D’Ercole AJ. Sexual development in a two-year-old boy by topical exposure to testosterone. Pediatrics. 1999:104(2):e23. doi: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.104.2.e23</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Melnik BC. Androgen abuse in the community. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2009;16(3):218–223. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/MED.0b013e32832afdfe</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Melnik BC. Androgen abuse in the community. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2009;16(3):218–223. doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/MED.0b013e32832afdfe</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Voelker R. Children’s exposure to testosterone gel spurs FDA to order boxed label warning. JAMA. 2009;301(23):2428. doi: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2009.810</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Voelker R. Children’s exposure to testosterone gel spurs FDA to order boxed label warning. JAMA. 2009;301(23):2428. doi: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2009.810</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stahlman J, Britto M, Fitzpatrick S, et al. Serum testosterone levels in non-dosed females after secondary exposure to 1.62% testosterone gel: effects of clothing barrier on testosterone absorption. Curr Med Res Opin. 2012;28(2):291–301. doi: https://doi.org/10.1185/03007995.2011.652732</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stahlman J, Britto M, Fitzpatrick S, et al. Serum testosterone levels in non-dosed females after secondary exposure to 1.62% testosterone gel: effects of clothing barrier on testosterone absorption. Curr Med Res Opin. 2012;28(2):291–301. doi: https://doi.org/10.1185/03007995.2011.652732</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kunz GJ, Klein KO, Clemons RD, et al. Virilization of young children after topical androgen use by their parents. Pediatrics. 2004;114(1):282– 284. doi: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.114.1.282</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kunz GJ, Klein KO, Clemons RD, et al. Virilization of young children after topical androgen use by their parents. Pediatrics. 2004;114(1):282– 284. doi: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.114.1.282</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Patel A, Rivkees SA. Prenatal virilization associated with paternal testosterone gel therapy. Int J Pediatr Endocrinol. 2010;2010:867471. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/867471</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Patel A, Rivkees SA. Prenatal virilization associated with paternal testosterone gel therapy. Int J Pediatr Endocrinol. 2010;2010:867471. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/867471</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brachet C, Heinrichs C. Central precocious puberty after interpersonal transfer of testosterone gel: just a coincidence? J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2012;25(7-8):757–760. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2012-0067</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brachet C, Heinrichs C. Central precocious puberty after interpersonal transfer of testosterone gel: just a coincidence? J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2012;25(7-8):757–760. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2012-0067</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nelson D, Ho J, Pacaud D, Stephure D. Virilization in two prepubertal children exposed to topical androgen. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2013;26(9-10):981–985. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2013-0127</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nelson D, Ho J, Pacaud D, Stephure D. Virilization in two prepubertal children exposed to topical androgen. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2013;26(9-10):981–985. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2013-0127</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Green AL, Srivatsa A, Rodriguez-Galindo C. Delayed diagnosis and false relapse due to paternal testosterone use in adrenocortical carcinoma. Pediatrics. 2014;133(6):e1772–e1776. doi: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2013-1454</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Green AL, Srivatsa A, Rodriguez-Galindo C. Delayed diagnosis and false relapse due to paternal testosterone use in adrenocortical carcinoma. Pediatrics. 2014;133(6):e1772–e1776. doi: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2013-1454</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">García García E, Jiménez Varo I. Potential consequences in children of a testosterone gel used by their fathers. Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr. 2017;64(5):278–280. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endinu.2017.01.003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">García García E, Jiménez Varo I. Potential consequences in children of a testosterone gel used by their fathers. Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr. 2017;64(5):278–280. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endinu.2017.01.003</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ramos CO, Macedo DB, Bachega TASS, et al. Premature Pubarche due to Exogenous Testosterone Gel or Intense Diaper Rash Prevention Cream Use: A Case Series. Horm Res Paediatr. 2019;91(6):411–415. doi: https://doi.org/10.1159/000495664</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ramos CO, Macedo DB, Bachega TASS, et al. Premature Pubarche due to Exogenous Testosterone Gel or Intense Diaper Rash Prevention Cream Use: A Case Series. Horm Res Paediatr. 2019;91(6):411–415. doi: https://doi.org/10.1159/000495664</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Azova S, Wolfsdorf J. Precocious sexual development in a male toddler caused by unrecognized transdermal exposure to testosterone: case report and review of the literature. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2021;34(5):675–678. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2020-0616</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Azova S, Wolfsdorf J. Precocious sexual development in a male toddler caused by unrecognized transdermal exposure to testosterone: case report and review of the literature. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2021;34(5):675–678. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2020-0616</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Georges E, Cedarbaum V, Bisno DI, Marshall I. Sexual precocity in the setting of parental use of a compounded testosterone cream: case report and review of the literature. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2023;36(3):323–326. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2022-0521.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Georges E, Cedarbaum V, Bisno DI, Marshall I. Sexual precocity in the setting of parental use of a compounded testosterone cream: case report and review of the literature. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2023;36(3):323–326. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/jpem-2022-0521.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
