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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ppharm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Педиатрическая фармакология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pediatric pharmacology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1727-5776</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/pf.v22i5.2962</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ppharm-2697</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ  СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL  ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная оценка эффективности терапии гнездной алопеции у детей с применением ингибиторов янус-киназ: ретроспективное когортное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative Efficacy Evaluation of Alopecia Areata Management with Janus Kinase Inhibitors in Children: Retrospective Cohort Study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6034-8231</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Материкин</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Materikin</surname><given-names>Alexandr I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Материкин Александр Игоревич, к.м.н., заведующий отделением дерматологии стационара для детей</p><p>117593, г. Москва, Литовский бульвар, д. 1а, телефон: +7 (929) 840-00-02</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandr I. Materikin, MD, PhD</p><p>1a, Litovsky bulvar, Moscow, 111793</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">al_m86@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6760-3119</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванчиков</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanchikov</surname><given-names>Vladislav V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванчиков Владислав Владимирович</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladislav V. Ivanchikov, MD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">awdawd22@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3003-9398</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеева</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseeva</surname><given-names>Anastasiya D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексеева Анастасия Дмитриевна</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasiya D. Alekseeva, MD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kuzminova_derma@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ педиатрии и охраны здоровья детей НКЦ №2 ФГБНУ «РНЦХ им. акад. Б.В. Петровского»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pediatrics and Child Health Research Institute in Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>567</fpage><lpage>572</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Материкин А.И., Иванчиков В.В., Алексеева А.Д., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Материкин А.И., Иванчиков В.В., Алексеева А.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Materikin A.I., Ivanchikov V.V., Alekseeva A.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pedpharma.ru/jour/article/view/2697">https://www.pedpharma.ru/jour/article/view/2697</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснование. Гнездная алопеция (ГА) — распространенное аутоиммунное заболевание, поражающее до 2% от общей популяции и значительно влияющее на качество жизни. Внедрение в практику новых препаратов из группы ингибиторов янус-киназ расширило терапевтические возможности в лечении тяжелых форм ГА. Современные методики терапии обладают большим потенциалом улучшения терапевтического ответа на проводимое лечение и повышения дерматологического индекса качества жизни пациентов. Цель исследования — изучить эффективность терапии и динамику качества жизни у пациентов детского возраста с тяжелыми формами ГА, которые получали терапию ингибиторами янус-киназ и сочетание наружной терапии с локальной узкополосной фототерапией. Был проведен ретроспективный отбор историй болезней пациентов, проходивших лечение в отделении дерматологии с января 2024 по июнь 2025 г. с диагнозом «алопеция универсальная», которые получали терапию ингибитором янус-киназ тофацитинибом в дозе 10 мг/сут, а также сочетанием наружной терапии с применением глюкокортикоидов и локальной узкополосной фототерапии 311 нм с последующей оценкой эффективности терапии через 16 нед. В качестве основной контрольной точки исследования было выбрано улучшение параметра оценки тяжести течения алопеции (SALT) на ≥ 15 баллов от изначальных значений, вторичная точка заключалась в улучшении показателя индекса качества жизни (CDLQI) на ≥ 3. Результаты. Было сформировано две группы. Участники первой группы получали терапию тофацитинибом, средний возраст составил 10,07 ± 2,14 года (ДИ 95%); среднее значение SALT — 70,4 ± 17,2 балла (ДИ 95%); среднее значение CDLQI — 6,93 ± 2,23 балла (ДИ 95%). Участники второй группы, родители которых отказались от применения терапии тофацитинибом или имевшие противопоказания к данному препарату, в том числе возраст младше 2 лет, и получавшие сочетание наружной терапии и локальной узкополосной фототерапии, имели среднее значение возраста 8,87 ± 1,92 года (ДИ 95%), среднее значение SALT составило 65,5 ± 13,7 балла (ДИ 95%), а среднее значение показателя CDLQI — 8 ± 1,92 балла (ДИ 95%). В первой группе через 16 нед показатель SALT составил 36,33 ± 11,14 балла (р = 0,0212). Во второй группе показатель SALT через 16 нед составил 55,07 ± 14,71 балла (р = 0,1978). Показатель CDLQI на 16-й нед в первой группе составил 3,13 ± 1,65 балла (р = 0,0334). При оценке показателя CDLQI у пациентов второй группы на 16-й нед было получено значение индекса, равное 4 ± 1,31 балла (р = 0,0035). Заключение. Применение ингибитора янус-киназ тофацитиниба в дозе 10 мг/сут приводит к статистически значимому уменьшению показателя SALT в течение 16 нед терапии, а также демонстрирует большую эффективность в сравнении с традиционными методами терапии. В обеих группах отмечалось улучшение показателя дерматологического индекса качества жизни, однако лучшие результаты продемонстрировали пациенты из первой группы. Ограничением выступала сравнительно небольшая выборка участников исследования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Alopecia areata (AA) is common autoimmune disease affecting up to 2% of general population and significantly affecting quality of life. The implementation of new medications from the group of Janus kinase inhibitors into practice has expanded therapeutic possibilities in the management of severe AA forms. Current methods have big potential in improving therapeutic response and patients’ dermatology life quality index. Objective. The aim of the study is to evaluate treatment efficacy and quality of life dynamics in pediatric patients with severe AA forms who were administered with Janus kinase inhibitors and combination of external therapy with local narrow-band phototherapy. Methods. Retrospective selection of medical histories of patients received treatment in the dermatology department from January 2024 to June 2025 was carried out. All of them had diagnosis “alopecia universalis” and were administered with Janus kinase inhibitor, tofacitinib, at a dose of 10 mg/day, as well as with combination of external therapy with corticosteroids and local narrow-band phototherapy (311 nm) with follow-up and treatment efficacy estimation after 16 weeks. The primary endpoint in the study was improvement in alopecia severity score (SALT) ≥ 15 points from baseline, the secondary endpoint was improvement in quality of life index (CDLQI) score ≥ 3 points. Results. Two groups were formed. First group included patients administered with tofacitinib, mean age was 10.07 ± 2.14 years (95% CI), mean SALT score — 70.4 ± 17.2 points (95% CI), mean CDLQI score — 6.93 ± 2.23 points (95% CI). Second group included patients whose parents refused to use tofacitinib therapy or who had contraindications to this drug, including those under 2 years of age, and who received a combination of external therapy and local narrow-band phototherapy, mean age was 8.87±1.92 years (95% CI), mean SALT score — 65.5 ± 13.7 points (95% CI), mean CDLQI score — 8 ± 1.92 points (95% CI). SALT score was 36.33 ± 11.14 points (p = 0.0212) in the first group and 55.07 ± 14.71 points (p = 0.1978) in the second group after 16 weeks of treatment. CDLQI score at week 16 was 3.13 ± 1.65 points (p = 0.0334) in the first group and 4 ± 1.31 points (p = 0.0035) in the second group. Conclusion. Administration of tofacitinib, Janus kinase inhibitor, in a dose of 10 mg/day leads to statistically significant decrease in SALT score over 16 weeks of treatment, and shows greater efficacy compared to traditional methods. There were improvements in dermatology life quality index in both groups, however, patients from the first group showed better results. The only limitation was relatively small sample of study participants.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гнездная алопеция</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>янус-киназы</kwd><kwd>тофацитиниб</kwd><kwd>педиатрия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>alopecia areata</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>Janus kinase</kwd><kwd>tofacitinib</kwd><kwd>pediatrics</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Отсутствует</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Not specified.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Passeron T, King B, Seneschal J, et al. Inhibition of T-cell activity in alopecia areata: recent developments and new directions. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1243556. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1243556</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Passeron T, King B, Seneschal J, et al. 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