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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ppharm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Педиатрическая фармакология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pediatric pharmacology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1727-5776</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/pf.v22i5.2959</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ppharm-2692</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ  СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL  ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Распространенность центральных слуховых расстройств у детей младшего школьного возраста</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prevalence of Central Auditory Disorders in Primary School-aged Children</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6577-6537</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гребенюк</surname><given-names>И. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grebenuk</surname><given-names>Irina E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гребенюк Ирина Эдуардовна, к.м.н., врач сурдолог-оториноларинголог</p><p>190013, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Бронницкая, д. 9; телефон: +7 (918) 556-54-65</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina E. Grebenuk, MD, PhD</p><p>9, Bronnitskaya Str., St. Petersburg, 190013</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irina5559@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9535-6063</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гарбарук</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Garbaruk</surname><given-names>Ekaterina S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гарбарук Екатерина Сергеевна, к.б.н.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina S. Garbaruk, PhD</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kgarbaruk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2453-523X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобошко</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boboshko</surname><given-names>Maria Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бобошко Мария Юрьевна, д.м.н., профессор</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariya Yu. Boboshko, MD, PhD, Professor</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">boboshkom@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Туфатулин</surname><given-names>Г. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tufatulin</surname><given-names>Gaziz Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Туфатулин Газиз Шарифович, д.м.н.</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gaziz Sh. Tufatulin, MD, PhD</p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.tufatulin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт уха, горла, носа и речи; Институт слуха и речи; Сеть медицинских центров «МастерСлух»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech; Institute of Hearing and Speech; Medical Center Network “MasterSlukh”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет; Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University; Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт уха, горла, носа и речи;  Детский городской сурдологический центр; Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова; Российская медицинская академия непрерывного последипломного образования</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech; Children’s City Surdology Center; I.I. Mechnikov North-Western State Medical University; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>538</fpage><lpage>543</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гребенюк И.Э., Гарбарук Е.С., Бобошко М.Ю., Туфатулин Г.Ш., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гребенюк И.Э., Гарбарук Е.С., Бобошко М.Ю., Туфатулин Г.Ш.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grebenuk I.E., Garbaruk E.S., Boboshko M.Y., Tufatulin G.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pedpharma.ru/jour/article/view/2692">https://www.pedpharma.ru/jour/article/view/2692</self-uri><abstract><p>Обоснование. Сведения об эпидемиологии центральных слуховых расстройств (ЦСР) противоречивы и вариабельны. Эпидемиология ЦСР в России малоизученна. Цель исследования — изучить распространенность ЦСР среди детей младшего школьного возраста. Методы. Проведен скрининг среди учеников младшего возраста общеобразовательной школы (учащиеся 1–4-го классов). Подозрение на наличие ЦСР регистрировали с использованием опросника Фишера. При обнаружении отклонений проводили аудиологическое тестирование периферического отдела слухового анализатора и психоакустическое тестирование центральной слуховой обработки. Результаты. Опросник Фишера заполнен 222 учениками. Отклонение от нормы обнаружено у 65 (29,3%) детей, из них аудиологическое тестирование проведено у 56 детей. Патология периферического отдела слухового анализатора выявлена у 11 (20%) детей. Психоакустическое тестирование центральных отделов слуховой системы выполнено у 45 детей, из них наличие достоверного ЦСР подтверждено у 32 (71,1%). Данные дети отличались от тех, у кого отсутствовали ЦСР, меньшей монауральной разборчивостью речи в шуме как справа, так и слева (р &lt; 0,001) и меньшим значением стандартного дихотического числового теста (р = 0,029). У 12 (26,7%) детей выявлены признаки ЦСР (пограничная группа), у 1 ребенка (2,2%) ЦСР не подтвердились. Заключение. Результаты свидетельствуют о высокой распространенности ЦСР среди детей младшего школьного возраста, что диктует важность дополнения программ аудиологического скрининга школьников методами, позволяющими выявлять признаки не только периферических, но и центральных нарушений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Information about the epidemiology of central auditory disorders (CADs) is contradictory and variable. The epidemiology of CADs in Russia is poorly studied. The aim of the study is to investigate the prevalence of CADs among primary school children. Methods. Screening was carried out among younger students of a general education school (students of grades 1–4). Suspicion of the presence of CADs was recorded using the Fisher questionnaire. When deviations were detected, audiological testing of the peripheral part of the auditory analyzer and psychoacoustic testing of the central auditory processing were carried out. Results. The Fisher questionnaire was completed by 222 students. Abnormalities were detected in 65 (29.3%) children, and audiological testing was performed on 56 children. Pathology of the peripheral auditory analyzer was identified in 11 (20%) children. Psychoacoustic testing of the central auditory system was performed on 45 children, and 32 (71.1%) children were found to have significant CADs. These children differed from those who did not have CADs in that they had lower monaural speech intelligibility in noise on both the right and left (p &lt; 0,001) and lower standard dichotic number test scores (p = 0,029). Twelve (26.7%) children showed signs of CADs (borderline group), and one child (2.2%) did not show CADs. Conclusion. The results indicate a high prevalence of CADs among primary school-aged children, which highlights the importance of supplementing audiological screening programs for schoolchildren with methods that can detect signs of both peripheral and central disorders.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>центральные слуховые расстройства</kwd><kwd>анкета Фишера</kwd><kwd>психоакустическое тестирование</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>central auditory disorders</kwd><kwd>Fisher questionnaire</kwd><kwd>psychoacoustic testing</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Отсутствует.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Not specified.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">National Acoustics Laboratory. 2015 NAL position statement on auditory processing disorder. 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