ppharmПедиатрическая фармакологияPediatric pharmacology1727-57762500-3089Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»10.15690/pf.v21i6.2828ppharm-2552Research ArticleОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWГенетические и эпигенетические факторы риска развития простого ожирения у детей: обзор литературыGenetic and Epigenetic Risk Factors for the Development of Simple Obesity in Children: a Literature Reviewhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7202-5501ДжумагазиевА. А.DzhumagazievAnvar A.

Джумагазиев Анвар Абдрашитович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры пропедевтики детских болезней, поликлинической и неотложной педиатрии 

414000, Астрахань, ул. Бакинская, д. 121

Anvar A. Dzhumagaziev, MD, PhD, Professor

121, Bakinskaya Str., Astrakhan, 414000

anver_d@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6819-5797БезруковаД. А.BezrukovaDina A.

Безрукова Дина Анваровна, д.м.н., профессор 

Астрахань

Dina A. Bezrukova, MD, PhD, Professor

Astrakhan

dina-bezrukova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2784-2852ШилинаН. А.ShilinaNatalia M.

Шилина Наталия Михайловна, д.б.н. 

Москва

Natalia M. Shilina, MD, PhD

Moscow

n_shilina@ion.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4294-2226ОттоН. Ю.OttoNatalia Yu.

Отто Наталья Юрьевна, к.м.н. 

Астрахань

Natalia Yu. Otto, MD

AstrakhanNot declared

natalia.otto@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-5526-5444СосиновскаяЕ. В.SosinovskayaEkaterina V.

Сосиновская Екатерина Валерьевна 

Астрахань

Ekaterina V. Sosinovskaya, MD

Astrakhan

kati_mayu@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1081-5687ФилипчукА. В.FilipchukA. V.

Филипчук Анатолий Владиславович 

Астрахань

Anatoly V. Filipchuk, MD

Astrakhan

filipchuk777797@mail.ruАстраханский ГМУРоссияAstrakhan State Medical UniversityRussian FederationФИЦ питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищиРоссияFederal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food SafetyRussian Federation202409012025216510515Copyright © Джумагазиев А.А., Безрукова Д.А., Шилина Н.А., Отто Н.Ю., Сосиновская Е.В., Филипчук А.В., 20242024Джумагазиев А.А., Безрукова Д.А., Шилина Н.А., Отто Н.Ю., Сосиновская Е.В., Филипчук А.В.Dzhumagaziev A.A., Bezrukova D.A., Shilina N.M., Otto N.Y., Sosinovskaya E.V., Filipchuk A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.pedpharma.ru/jour/article/view/2552

Ожирение в детском возрасте со значительной долей вероятности сохраняется во взрослой жизни. Истоки развития ожирения у детей многогранны и продолжают интенсивно изучаться. Его массовое распространение за последние десятилетия связано прежде всего с нарушением баланса между поступающей и расходуемой энергией. Сочетание генетических и эпигенетических факторов, способных влиять на формирование ожирения, является интересной и развивающейся областью исследований. Проведен систематический обзор литературы за 2013–2023 гг. с использованием eLibrary и PubMed. Обнаружено, что рост распространенности детского ожирения за последние десятилетия связан с изменениями образа жизни человека, которые приводят к эпигенетическим изменениям генома. Расшифровка взаимодействия генов с окружающей средой наряду с индивидуальным генотипом позволит персонализированно прогнозировать ожирение, связанное с конкретным геномом, эпигеномом и образом жизни, разработать целенаправленные профилактические мероприятия начиная с антенатального возраста.

Childhood obesity can be persisted into adulthood with a significant degree of probability. The origins of childhood obesity are multifaceted and continue to be intensively studied. Its massive spread over the past decades is primarily due to a violation of the balance between incoming and outgoing energy. The combination of genetic and epigenetic factors that can influence the formation of obesity is an interesting and developing area of research. A systematic review of the literature for 2013–2023 was conducted using eLibrary and PubMed. It has been found that the increase in the prevalence of childhood obesity in recent decades is associated with changes in human lifestyle, which lead to epigenetic changes in the genome. Decoding the interaction of genes with the environment, along with an individual genotype, will allow personalized prediction of obesity associated with a specific genome, epigenome and lifestyle, and the development of targeted preventive measures starting from the antenatal age.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.