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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ppharm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Педиатрическая фармакология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pediatric pharmacology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1727-5776</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/pf.v21i5.2814</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ppharm-2523</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНАЯ  СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL  ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Бронхиальная астма у школьников Чеченской Республики: региональные особенности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bronchial Asthma among Chechen Republic Schoolchildren: Regional Features</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4732-4515</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ибишева</surname><given-names>А. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ibisheva</surname><given-names>Aset Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ибишева Асет Хамидовна, врач-педиатр, аллерголог-иммунолог </p><p>364028, Грозный, ул. Бисултанова, д. 101</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aset Kh. Ibisheva, MD</p><p>101, Bisultanova Str., Grozny, 364028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Ibisheva18@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шахгиреева</surname><given-names>М. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shakhgireeva</surname><given-names>Madina R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шахгиреева Мадина Руслановна</p><p>Грозный</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Madina R. Shakhgireeva, MD</p><p>Grozny</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zlata-28@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Успанова</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Uspanova</surname><given-names>Linda S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Успанова Линда Сулиймановна </p><p>Грозный</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Linda S. Uspanova, MD</p><p>Grozny</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">linda/udpanova96@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хильдихароева</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khildikharoeva</surname><given-names>Asya B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хильдихароева Ася Багаудиновна </p><p>Грозный</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Asya B. Khildikharoeva, MD</p><p>Grozny</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">asya.khildharoeva@mai.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джабраилова</surname><given-names>Л. В.-М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzhabrailova</surname><given-names>Linda V.-M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Джабраилова Линда Ваха-Мурадовна</p><p>Грозный</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Linda V.-M. Dzhabrailova, MD</p><p>Grozny</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">djabrailova.linda@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0317-2425</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Эфендиева</surname><given-names>К. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efendieva</surname><given-names>Kamilla E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эфендиева Камилла Евгеньевна, к.м.н.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kamilla E. Efendieva, MD, PhD</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kamillaef@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2209-7531</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Намазова-Баранова</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Namazova-Baranova</surname><given-names>Leyla S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Намазова-Баранова Лейла Сеймуровна, д.м.н., профессор, академик РАН</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leyla S. Namazova-Baranova, MD, PhD, Professor, Academician of the RAS</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@pediatr-russia.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Республиканская детская клиническая больница им. Е.П. Глинки<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Republican Children’s Clinical Hospital named after E.P. Glinka<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">НИИ педиатрии и охраны здоровья детей НКЦ №2 ФГБНУ «РНЦХ им. акад. Б.В. Петровского»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Pediatrics and Children’s Health in Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">НИИ педиатрии и охраны здоровья детей НКЦ №2 ФГБНУ «РНЦХ им. акад. Б.В. Петровского»;&#13;
РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Pediatrics and Children’s Health in Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery;&#13;
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>397</fpage><lpage>407</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ибишева А.Х., Шахгиреева М.Р., Успанова Л.С., Хильдихароева А.Б., Джабраилова Л.В., Эфендиева К.Е., Намазова-Баранова Л.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ибишева А.Х., Шахгиреева М.Р., Успанова Л.С., Хильдихароева А.Б., Джабраилова Л.В., Эфендиева К.Е., Намазова-Баранова Л.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ibisheva A.K., Shakhgireeva M.R., Uspanova L.S., Khildikharoeva A.B., Dzhabrailova L.V., Efendieva K.E., Namazova-Baranova L.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pedpharma.ru/jour/article/view/2523">https://www.pedpharma.ru/jour/article/view/2523</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Повсеместный рост распространенности аллергических болезней является актуальной проблемой современной педиатрии.</p><p>Цель исследования — изучить клинико-эпидемиологические особенности бронхиальной астмы (БА) у школьников Чеченской Республики.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Исследование проводилось в два этапа. На первом этапе  с  помощью  опросника  ISAAC  проанкетированы  3398  детей.  Обследуемые  представлены  2  возрастными группами: 1-я группа — 7–8 лет (n = 1331), 2-я группа — 13–14 лет (n = 2067). Второй этап исследования включал  в  себя  клинико-диагностическое  обследование  детей  с  астмаподобными  симптомами,  рандомизированно отобранных по результатам анкетирования (n = 52), — 34 первоклассника и 18 восьмиклассников.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. По результатам первого этапа исследования, симптомы БА по итогам опроса зафиксированы у 18,4% (625) детей, больше в старшей возрастной группе. Сравнительный анализ распространенности симптомов БА выявил превалирование симптомов у горожан (p &lt; 0,05). БА в ходе клинико-диагностического этапа была диагностирована только у 46,3% (37) из тех детей, которые ответили положительно на вопросы о наличии симптомов и/или установленного диагноза БА. Статистически значимых различий в возрастных группах на втором этапе исследования выявлено не было. Гендерных различий на обоих этапах не зарегистрировано. Наиболее высокая распространенность верифицированной  БА  зафиксирована  у  жителей  города.  Анализ  спектра  сенсибилизации  у  детей  с  изолированной  БА  в  Чеченской  Республике  выявил  преобладание  чувствительности  к  бытовым  аллергенам  (клещи  домашней пыли — D. pteronyssinus, D. farinae) в сочетании с аллергическим ринитом к пыльцевым (амброзия полыннолистная, тимофеевка луговая).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Таким образом, результаты нашего исследования согласно программе ISAAC выявили высокую распространенность симптомов БА у школьников Чеченской Республики на первом этапе, однако результаты второго этапа исследования подтвердили диагноз БА менее чем у половины из тех, кто считал, что страдает этой болезнью. Это свидетельствует о том, что диагностика аллергии не может быть основана только на анализе данных анкет и требует клинико-диагностической верификации. Выявленные региональные особенности структуры сенсибилизации позволят практикующим врачам проводить экономически оптимальную диагностику БА у детей, проживающих на территории Чеченской Республики.</p></sec><sec><title> </title><p> </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The widespread increase in allergic diseases incidence is crucial issue of modern pediatrics. Objective. The aim of the study is to analyze the clinical and epidemiological features of bronchial asthma (BA) in schoolchildren of Chechen Republic.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The study included two stages. 3398 children were surveyed via ISAAC questionnaire at the first stage. All participants were represented by 2 age groups: group 1 — 7–8 years old (n=1331), group 2 — 13–14 years old (n=2067). The second study phase covered clinical and diagnostic examination of children with asthma-like symptoms, enrolled by questionnaire (n=52) — 34 first-graders and 18 eighth-graders.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. BA symptoms were recorded in 18.4% (625) of children (mostly in the older age group) according to the first stage results. Comparative analysis of the BA symptoms has revealed their prevalence in urban residents (p&lt;0.05). BA was diagnosed in only 46.3% (37) of children during the clinical diagnostic stage. There were no statistically significant differences in age groups at the second stage of the study. No gender differences were revealed at both stages. The highest prevalence of verified BA was recorded in urban residents. Sensitization spectrum analysis in children with isolated BA in Chechen Republic has revealed predominance of domestic allergens sensitivity (house dust mites — D. pteronyssinus, D. farinae) and allergic rhinitis to pollen (ragwort, herd grass).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Thus, our study results (according to the ISAAC program) have shown high prevalence of BA symptoms in schoolchildren of Chechen Republic at the first stage, however, the second stage indicated that allergy diagnosis cannot be based only on the questionnaire data and requires clinical and diagnostic verification. The identified regional features of the sensitization spectrum will allow physicians to perform economically optimal diagnosis of BA in children living in Chechen Republic.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бронхиальная астма</kwd><kwd>школьники</kwd><kwd>Чеченская Республика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>bronchial asthma</kwd><kwd>schoolchildren</kwd><kwd>Chechen Republic</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Отсутствует</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>Not specified.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bousquet J, Mantzouranis E, Cruz AA, et al. Uniform definition of asthma severity, control, and exacerbations: document presented for the World Health Organization Consultation on Severe Asthma. 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