<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ppharm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Педиатрическая фармакология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pediatric pharmacology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1727-5776</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/pf.v20i1.2525</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ppharm-2259</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>О протективной роли вакцинации против туберкулеза и гепатита В в профилактике развития атопического дерматита: отчет о промежуточных результатах проспективного когортного исследования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Protective Role of Vaccination against Tuberculosis and Hepatitis B in Prevention of Atopic Dermatitis: Report on Intermediate Results of Prospective Cohort Study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7100-6026</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>Veronika A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петрова Вероника Александровна, заведующая учебной лабораторией кафедры факультетской педиатрии педиатрического факультета,</p><p>119333, Москва, ул. Фотиевой, д. 10, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Veronika A. Petrova, MD,</p><p>10, Fotievoi str., Moscow, 113999</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elveur@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2209-7531</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Намазова-Баранова</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Namazova-Baranova</surname><given-names>Leyla S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Федосеенко Марина Владиславовна, к.м.н.,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leyla S. Namazova-Baranova, MD, PhD, Professor, Academician of the RAS,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">info@pediatr-russia.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0797-5612</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федосеенко</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedoseenko</surname><given-names>Marina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Русинова Дина Сергеевна, к.м.н.,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina V. Fedoseenko, MD, PhD,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">titovamarina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1215-1872</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Русинова</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rusinova</surname><given-names>Dina S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Русинова Дина Сергеевна, к.м.н.,</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dina S. Rusinova, MD, PhD,</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rusinovads@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">НИИ педиатрии и охраны здоровья детей НКЦ №2 ФГБНУ «РНЦХ им. акад. Б.В. Петровского»;&#13;
РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Research Institute of Pediatrics and Children’s Health in Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery;&#13;
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова;&#13;
Детская городская поликлиника № 133 ДЗМ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University;&#13;
Children’s City Outpatient’s Clinic №133 of Moscow City Health Department<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>02</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>8</fpage><lpage>16</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Петрова В.А., Намазова-Баранова Л.С., Федосеенко М.В., Русинова Д.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Петрова В.А., Намазова-Баранова Л.С., Федосеенко М.В., Русинова Д.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Petrova V.A., Namazova-Baranova L.S., Fedoseenko M.V., Rusinova D.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pedpharma.ru/jour/article/view/2259">https://www.pedpharma.ru/jour/article/view/2259</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. В исследованиях показано, что вакцинация в первые часы/дни после рождения сдвигает иммунный ответ с внутриутробного Th2 в сторону активации Th1-типа и уменьшает риск развития атопических состояний. Однако опубликованных данных проспективных исследований в этой области нами найдено не было.</p><p>Цель исследования — оценить наличие отрицательной связи между вакцинацией против туберкулеза и гепатита В в первые часы и дни жизни и реализацией атопического дерматита у детей раннего возраста.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Проводится сплошное проспективное исследование когорты детей, рожденных с апреля по июнь 2021 г. и наблюдающихся в одной городской поликлинике. В декретированные сроки анализировались данные 307 историй развития ребенка (ф. 112/у), карт профилактических прививок (ф. 063/у), обменных карт беременной, роженицы и родильницы (ф. 113/у-20, талон № 3) и выписок из истории развития новорожденного. Оценивались вакцинальный статус ребенка (по времени проведения вакцинации против туберкулеза и гепатита В), наличие факторов риска, предрасполагающих к развитию аллергического заболевания, и наличие диагноза атопического дерматита.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Атопический дерматит (АтД) к возрасту 1 года достоверно реже диагностирован у младенцев в группе вакцинированных BCG-М в родильном доме, чем у вакцинированных позднее или не вакцинированных вовсе (15,2% против 66 и 35,7% соответственно; p &lt; 0,01). Среди детей, имеющих факторы риска развития аллергического заболевания, АтД также развивался у детей, привитых против туберкулеза в роддоме, чем у вакцинированных позднее или невакцинированных (18, 75 и 62,5% соответственно; р &lt; 0,01). В группе детей, вакцинированных против гепатита В в родильном доме, доля имеющих к 12 мес диагноз АтД значимо меньше, чем у вакцинированных позднее и у невакцинированных (17,6, 44,9 и 31,8% соответственно; р &lt; 0,01). Среди детей из групп риска развития аллергического заболевания этот показатель составляет соответственно 24, 50 и 44,4% (р = 0,043). Также показано, что своевременная вакцинация обеими вакцинами в раннем неонатальном периоде значимо снижает риск реализации АтД в общей популяции младенцев по сравнению с отсутствием вакцинации или выполнением только одной прививки (относительный риск [ОР] 0,374; 95% доверительный интервал [ДИ] 0,253–0,552; p &lt; 0,01), а развитие этого заболевания у детей из группы аллергического риска менее вероятно при своевременной вакцинации (20,8% против 53,3%; ОШ = 0,252; 95% ДИ 0,145–0,440; ОР = 0,374; 95% ДИ 0,253 – 0,552; p &lt; 0,01).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Полученные результаты могут свидетельствовать о возможном снижении риска развития АтД при своевременном проведении иммунопрофилактики против туберкулеза и гепатита В, особенно у детей из группы аллергического риска. В настоящий момент исследование продолжается. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Studies have shown that vaccination in the first hours/days after birth shifts the immune response from intrauterine Th2 towards Th1-type activation and reduces the risk of atopic conditions. However, we did not find published data from prospective studies on this topic.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. The aim of the study is to define the presence of negative correlation between vaccination against tuberculosis and hepatitis B in the first hours/days of life and atopic dermatitis development in infants.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. Continuous prospective study of children cohort born from April to June 2021 and observed in one outpatient’s clinic was carried out. Data from 307 infant’s records (F. 112/y), vaccination record cards (F. 063/y), prenatal and delivery records (F. 113/y-20, section № 3), and neonatal discharge summaries were analyzed for the decreed period. The child vaccination status (by the time of vaccination against tuberculosis and hepatitis B), presence of risk factors for allergic disease development, and presence of atopic dermatitis were evaluated.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Atopic dermatitis (AD) was significantly less likely to be diagnosed by the age of 1 year in infants from the group of BCG-M vaccinated at maternity hospital than in those vaccinated later or not vaccinated at all (15.2% versus 66% and 35.7%, respectively; p &lt; 0,01). AD was less likely to develop in children with risk factors for allergic disease who were vaccinated against tuberculosis in the maternity hospital than in those vaccinated later or unvaccinated at all (18, 75 and 62.5%, respectively; p &lt; 0.01). The ratio of children with diagnosed AD by the age of 12 months was significantly less in the group of children vaccinated against hepatitis B in the maternity hospital than in those vaccinated later or unvaccinated at all (17.6, 44.9 and 31.8%, respectively; p &lt; 0.01). These ratios for children with risk of allergic disease development were 24%, 50% and 44.4%, respectively (p = 0.043). It has also been shown that timely vaccination with both vaccines in the early neonatal period significantly reduces the risk of AD in general infant population compared to non-vaccinated individuals or those who had only one vaccine (odds ratio [OR] 0.374; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.253-0.552; p &lt; 0.01). Whereas the disease development in children with allergic risk is less likely with timely vaccination (20.8% versus 53.3%; OR = 0.252; 95% CI 0.145–0.440; OR = 0.374; 95% CI 0,253–0,552; p &lt; 0,01).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The obtained results may indicate possible risk reduction for AD development due to timely preventive vaccination against tuberculosis and hepatitis B, especially in children with allergic risk. The study is currently ongoing. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вакцинопрофилактика</kwd><kwd>атопический дерматит</kwd><kwd>BCG-М</kwd><kwd>гепатит В</kwd><kwd>туберкулез</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>preventive vaccination</kwd><kwd>atopic dermatitis</kwd><kwd>BCG-М</kwd><kwd>hepatitis B</kwd><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение в России — 2021 г.: статистический сборник / Федеральная служба государственной статистики. Доступно по: https://gks.ru/bgd/regl/b21_34/Main.htm. Ссылка активна на 31.10.2022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zdravookhranenie v Rossii — 2021 g.: Statistical collection. Federal State Statistics Service. (In Russ). https://gks.ru/bgd/regl/b21_34/Main.htm.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Атопический дерматит у детей: практические рекомендации для педиатров / под ред. А.А. Баранова, Л.С. Намазовой-Барановой. — М.: ПедиатрЪ; 2020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Atopicheskii dermatit u detei: practical recommendations for pediatricians. Baranov AA, Namazova-Baranova LS, eds. Moscow: Pediatr; 2020. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мифы и факты об иммунизации: документ ВОЗ в поддержку безопасности вакцин. — WHO; 2017. — 4 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Myths and facts about immunization: World Health Organization vaccine safety supporting document. WHO; 2017. 4 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Freyne B, Curtis N. Does neonatal BCG vaccination prevent allergic disease in later life? Arch Dis Child. 2014;99(2):182–184. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2013-305655</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Freyne B, Curtis N. Does neonatal BCG vaccination prevent allergic disease in later life? Arch Dis Child. 2014;99(2):182–184. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2013-305655</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arnoldussen DL, Linehan M, Sheikh A. BCG vaccination and allergy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;127(1):246–253, 253.e1–e21. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2010.07.039</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arnoldussen DL, Linehan M, Sheikh A. BCG vaccination and allergy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;127(1):246–253, 253.e1–e21. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2010.07.039</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pittet LF, Messina NL, Gardiner K, et al. Prevention of infant eczema by neonatal Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination: The MIS BAIR randomized controlled trial. Allergy. 2022;77(3):956–965. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/all.15022</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pittet LF, Messina NL, Gardiner K, et al. Prevention of infant eczema by neonatal Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccination: The MIS BAIR randomized controlled trial. Allergy. 2022;77(3):956–965. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/all.15022</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thøstesen LM, Kjaergaard J, Pihl GT, et al. Neonatal BCG vaccination and atopic dermatitis before 13 months of age: A randomized clinical trial. Allergy. 2018;73(2):498–504. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/all.13314</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thøstesen LM, Kjaergaard J, Pihl GT, et al. Neonatal BCG vaccination and atopic dermatitis before 13 months of age: A randomized clinical trial. Allergy. 2018;73(2):498–504. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/all.13314</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">de Bree LCJ, Koeken VACM, Joosten LAB, et al. Non-specific effects of vaccines: Current evidence and potential implications. Semin Immunol. 2018;39:35–43. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smim.2018.06.002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">de Bree LCJ, Koeken VACM, Joosten LAB, et al. Non-specific effects of vaccines: Current evidence and potential implications. Semin Immunol. 2018;39:35–43. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smim.2018.06.002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhao K, Miles P, Jiang X, et al. BCG Vaccination in Early Childhood and Risk of Atopic Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Can Respir J. 202124;2021:5434315. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5434315</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhao K, Miles P, Jiang X, et al. BCG Vaccination in Early Childhood and Risk of Atopic Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Can Respir J. 202124;2021:5434315. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5434315</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Debock I, Flamand V. Unbalanced Neonatal CD4(+) T-Cell Immunity. Front Immunol. 2014;5:393. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00393</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Debock I, Flamand V. Unbalanced Neonatal CD4(+) T-Cell Immunity. Front Immunol. 2014;5:393. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00393</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Uebelhoer LS, Lancioni CL. CD4+ T Cell Activation During the Newborn Period: Barriers Against and Pathways Toward Th1 Immunity. Crit Rev Immunol. 2018;38(1):1–15. doi: https://doi.org/10.1615/CritRevImmunol.2018025016</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Uebelhoer LS, Lancioni CL. CD4+ T Cell Activation During the Newborn Period: Barriers Against and Pathways Toward Th1 Immunity. Crit Rev Immunol. 2018;38(1):1–15. doi: https://doi.org/10.1615/CritRevImmunol.2018025016</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pagel J, Twisselmann N, Rausch TK, et al. Increased Regulatory T Cells Precede the Development of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants. Front Immunol. 2020;11:565257. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.565257</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pagel J, Twisselmann N, Rausch TK, et al. Increased Regulatory T Cells Precede the Development of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia in Preterm Infants. Front Immunol. 2020;11:565257. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.565257</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fazlollahi M, Chun Y, Grishin A, et al. Early-life gut microbiome and egg allergy. Allergy. 2018;73(7):1515–1524. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/all.13389</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fazlollahi M, Chun Y, Grishin A, et al. Early-life gut microbiome and egg allergy. Allergy. 2018;73(7):1515–1524. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/all.13389</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bunyavanich S. Foodallergy: could the gut microbiota hold the key? Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;16(4):201–202. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-019-0123-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bunyavanich S. Foodallergy: could the gut microbiota hold the key? Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019;16(4):201–202. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-019-0123-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kumari M, Kozyrskyj AL. Gut microbial metabolism defines host metabolism: an emerging perspective in obesity and allergic inflammation. Obes Rev. 2017;18(1):18–31. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12484</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kumari M, Kozyrskyj AL. Gut microbial metabolism defines host metabolism: an emerging perspective in obesity and allergic inflammation. Obes Rev. 2017;18(1):18–31. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12484</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Севостьянова Т.А., Аксёнова В.А., Белиловский Е.М. Вакцинопрофилактика туберкулеза у детей в России и других странах // Тихоокеанский медицинский журнал. — 2021. — № 2. — С. 75–79. — doi: https://doi.org/10.34215/1609-1175-2021-2-75-79</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sevostyanova TA, Aksenova VA, Belilovsky ЕМ. Preventive vaccination of tuberculosis for children in Russia and other countries. Pacific Medical Journal. 2021;(2):75–79. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.34215/1609-1175-2021-2-75-79</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гринчик П.Р., Намазова-Баранова Л.С., Федосеенко М.В. и др. Сравнительный анализ показателей привитости и охвата иммунизацией детского населения на территории федеральных округов Российской Федерации // Педиатрическая фармакология. — 2022. — Т. 19. — № 1. — С. 6–19. — doi: https://doi.org/10.15690/pf.v18i6.2351</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grinchik PR, NamazovaBaranova LS, Fedoseenko MV, et al. Comparative Analysis of Immunization and Immunization Coverage in Children of Russian Federation Federal Districts. Pediatricheskaya farmakologiya — Pediatric pharmacology. 2022;19(1):6–19. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.15690/pf.v18i6.2351</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Атопический дерматит: клинические рекомендации / Российское общество дерматовенерологов и косметологов; Союз педиатров России. — М.; 2021. — 81 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Atopicheskii dermatit: Clinical guidelines. Russian Society of Dermatovenerologists and Cosmetologists; Union of Pediatricians of Russia. Moscow; 2021. 81 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шахова Н.В., Камалтынова Е.М., Кашинская Т.С. Распространенность бронхиальной астмы и аллергических заболеваний среди детей // Аллергология и иммунология в педиатрии. — 2022. — № 2. — С 5–12. — doi: https://doi.org/10.53529/2500-1175-2022-2-5-12</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shakhova NV, Kashinskaya TS, Kamaltynova EM. Prevalence of bronchial asthma and allergic diseases among children. Allergology and Immunology in Pediatrics. 2022;(2):5–12. (In Russ). https://doi.org/10.53529/2500-1175-2022-2-5-12</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Глухова Е.А., Мухортых В.А., Тамразова О.В. и др. Предикторы тяжелого течения атопического дерматита // Вопросы питания. — 2022. — Т. 91. — № 1. — С. 76–85. — doi: https://doi.org/10.33029/0042-8833-2022-91-1-76-85</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Glukhova EA, Mukhortykh VA, Tamrazova OB, et al. Predictors of severe course of atopic dermatitis. Voprosy pitaniia = Problems of Nutrition. 2022;91(1):76–85. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.33029/0042-8833-2022-91-1-76-85</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шурмипа И.А., Мешкова Р.Я., Сазоненкова Л.В. Роль системы цитокинов у пациентов с аллергопатологией, привитых рекомбинантными вакцинами против гепатита В // Мир вирусных гепатитов. — 2005. — № 11. — С. 5–6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shurmipa IA, Meshkova RYa, Sazonenkova LV. Rol’ sistemy tsitokinov u patsientov s allergopatologiei, privitykh rekombinantnymi vaktsinami protiv gepatita B. Mir virusnykh gepatitov. 2005;(11):5–6. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Еремеев В.В., Шепелькова Г.С., Эргешов А.Э. Неспецифическая составляющая вакцинации BCG // Медицинская иммунология. — 2019. — Т. 21. — № 6. — С. 1015–1022. — doi: https://doi.org/10.15789/1563-0625-2019-6-1015-1022</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yeremeev VV, Shepelkova GS, Ergeshov AE. A nonspecific component of BCG vaccination. Medical Immunology (Russia) = Meditsinskaya Immunologiya. 2019;21(6):1015–1022. (In Russ). doi: https://doi.org/10.15789/1563-0625-2019-6-1015-1022</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kowalewicz-Kulbat M, Locht C. BCG and protection against inflammatory and auto-immune diseases. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2017;16(7):1–10. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14760584.2017.1333906</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kowalewicz-Kulbat M, Locht C. BCG and protection against inflammatory and auto-immune diseases. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2017;16(7):1–10. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14760584.2017.1333906</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yon DK, Ha EK, Lee SY, et al. Hepatitis B immunogenicity after a primary vaccination course associated with childhood asthma, allergic rhinitis, and allergen sensitization. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2018;29(2):221–224. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/pai.12850</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yon DK, Ha EK, Lee SY, et al. Hepatitis B immunogenicity after a primary vaccination course associated with childhood asthma, allergic rhinitis, and allergen sensitization. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2018;29(2):221–224. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/pai.12850</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yamamoto-Hanada K, Pak K, Saito-Abe M, et al. Cumulative inactivated vaccine exposure and allergy development among children: a birth cohort from Japan. Environ Health Prev Med. 20207;25(1):27. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12199-020-00864-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yamamoto-Hanada K, Pak K, Saito-Abe M, et al. Cumulative inactivated vaccine exposure and allergy development among children: a birth cohort from Japan. Environ Health Prev Med. 20207;25(1):27. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12199-020- 00864-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
