ppharmПедиатрическая фармакологияPediatric pharmacology1727-57762500-3089Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»10.15690/pf.v17i3.2123ppharm-1865Research ArticleКЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИCLINICAL RECOMMENDATIONSОсобенности клинических проявлений и лечения заболевания, вызванного новой коронавирусной инфекцией (COVID-19), у детей. Версия 2Clinical Features and Management of the Disease Caused by New Coronaviral Infection (COVID-19) in Children. Version 2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2131-4813АлександровичЮ. С.AlexandrovichYurii S.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8023-2543АлексееваЕ. И.AlekseevaEkaterina I.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6474-6766БакрадзеМ. Д.BakradzeMaya D.https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3987-8112БарановА. А.BaranovAlexander A.БатышеваТ. Т.BatyshevaTatiana T.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8320-2027ВашакмадзеН. Д.VashakmadzeNato D.ВершининаМ. Г.VershininaMarina G.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7398-0562ВишневаЕ. А.VishnevaElena A.ГлазыринаА. А.GlazyrinaAnastasia A.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8311-9506ГордееваО. Б.GordeevaOlga B.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8563-6002ДьяконоваЕ. Ю.DyakonovaElena Yu.ЖолобоваЕ. С.ZholobovaЕlena S.ЗаболотскийД. В.ZabolotskyDmitry V.https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2699-0439ЗвереваН. Н.ZverevaNadezda N.ЗеленковаИ. В.ZelenkovaIrina V.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0060-4168ИвановД. О.IvanovDmitry O.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8936-3590КайтуковаЕ. В.KaytukovaElena V.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8540-3858КаркашадзеГ. А.KarkashadzeGeorge A.КоноваловИ. В.KonovalovIvan V.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9047-6050КрючкоД. С.KruchkoDaria S.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7447-0625КуличенкоТ. В.KulichenkoTatiana V.КурбановаС. Х.KurbanovaSeda Kh.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2460-7718ЛевинаЮ. Г.LevinaYliya G.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6934-2223ЛобзинЮ. В.LobzinYuri V.https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1058-3193МазанковаЛ. Н.MazankovaLudmila N.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2395-1322МаргиеваТ. В.MargievaTea V.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2209-7531Намазова-БарановаЛ. С.Namazova-BaranovaLeyla S.

Намазова-Баранова Лейла Сеймуровна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАН, заведующая кафедрой факультетской педиатрии педиатрического факультета ФГБОУ ВО «РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России, руководитель НИИ педиатрии и охраны здоровья детей ЦКБ РАН Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ, Президент Союза педиатров России

119333, Москва, ул. Фотиевой, д. 10

lsnamazova@yandex.ruНовиковаЮ. Ю.NovikovaYulia Yu.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4961-384XОвсянниковД. Ю.OvsyannikovDmitry Yu.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8520-2378ПетряйкинаЕ. Е.PetryaykinaElena E.ПетренкоЮ. В.PetrenkoYuriy V.ПетроваН. В.PetrovaNataliya V.https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4653-4799ПрометнойД. В.PrometnoyDmitry V.https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1113-5296ПшенисновК. В.PshenisovKonstantin V.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7834-213XРевуненковГ. В.RevunenkovGregory V.РтищевА. Ю.RtishchevAlexey Yu.РусиноваД. С.RusinovaDina S.https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1058-3193СайфуллинМ. А.SayfullinMukhammad A.СайфуллинР. Ф.SayfullinRuslan F.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3678-7939СелимзяноваЛ. Р.SelimzyanovaLiliya R.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8085-4513ТаточенкоВ. К.TatochenkoVladimir K.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6667-9472ТепаевР. Ф.TepaevRustem F.https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3185-516XУсковА. Н.UskovAleksandr N.https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0797-5612ФедосеенкоМ. В.FedoseenkoMarina V.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8586-7946ФисенкоА. П.FisenkoAndrey P.ХарькинА. В.Khar’kinAndrey V.https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0317-2425ЭфендиеваК. Е.EfendievaKamilla E.ЯковлевА. В.YakovlevAlexey V.Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университетРоссияSaint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical UniversityRussian FederationНациональный медицинский исследовательский Центр Здоровья Детей; Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет)РоссияNational Medical Research Center for Children’s Health; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityRussian FederationНациональный медицинский исследовательский Центр Здоровья ДетейРоссияNational Medical Research Center for Children’s HealthRussian FederationПервый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет); Научно-исследовательский институт педиатрии и охраны здоровья детей ФГБУЗ «Центральная клиническая больница Российской академии наук»РоссияSechenov First Moscow State Medical University; Research Institute of Pediatrics and Children’s Health in «Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences»Russian FederationНаучно-практический центр детской психоневрологии Департамента здравоохранения города МосквыРоссияResearch and Practical Center for Pediatric PsychoneurologyRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский институт педиатрии и охраны здоровья детей ФГБУЗ «Центральная клиническая больница Российской академии наук»; Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. ПироговаРоссияResearch Institute of Pediatrics and Children’s Health in «Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences»; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian FederationБелгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет; Морозовская детская городская клиническая больницаРоссияBelgorod State National Research University; Morozov Children’s City Clinical HospitalRussian FederationПервый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет); Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университетРоссияSechenov First Moscow State Medical University; Belgorod State National Research UniversityRussian FederationРоссийский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. ПироговаРоссияPirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский институт педиатрии и охраны здоровья детей ФГБУЗ «Центральная клиническая больница Российской академии наук»РоссияResearch Institute of Pediatrics and Children’s Health in «Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences»Russian FederationРоссийский университет дружбы народовРоссияPeoples’ Friendship University of RussiaRussian FederationНациональный медицинский исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. акад. В.И. КулаковаРоссияNational Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. KulakovRussian FederationДетский научно-клинический центр инфекционных болезней Федерального медико-биологического агентстваРоссияPediatric Research and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases under the Federal Medical Biological AgencyRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский институт педиатрии и охраны здоровья детей ФГБУЗ «Центральная клиническая больница Российской академии наук»; Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова; Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университетРоссияResearch Institute of Pediatrics and Children’s Health in «Central Clinical Hospital of the Russian Academy of Sciences»; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Belgorod State National Research UniversityRussian FederationМорозовская детская городская клиническая больница; Российский университет дружбы народовРоссияMorozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital; Peoples’ Friendship University of RussiaRussian FederationРоссийский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова; Московский областной центр охраны материнства и детстваРоссияPirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Moscow Regional Center for Maternal and Child HealthRussian FederationРоссийский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова; Детская городская поликлиника № 133 Департамента здравоохранения города МосквыРоссияPirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Children’s Outpatients Clinic №133 Moscow City Health DepartmentRussian FederationРоссийский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова; Морозовская детская городская клиническая больницаРоссияPirogov Russian National Research Medical University; Morozov Children’s City Clinical HospitalRussian Federation202013082020173187212Copyright © Александрович Ю.С., Алексеева Е.И., Бакрадзе М.Д., Баранов А.А., Батышева Т.Т., Вашакмадзе Н.Д., Вершинина М.Г., Вишнева Е.А., Глазырина А.А., Гордеева О.Б., Дьяконова Е.Ю., Жолобова Е.С., Заболотский Д.В., Зверева Н.Н., Зеленкова И.В., Иванов Д.О., Кайтукова Е.В., Каркашадзе Г.А., Коновалов И.В., Крючко Д.С., Куличенко Т.В., Курбанова С.Х., Левина Ю.Г., Лобзин Ю.В., Мазанкова Л.Н., Маргиева Т.В., Намазова-Баранова Л.С., Новикова Ю.Ю., Овсянников Д.Ю., Петряйкина Е.Е., Петренко Ю.В., Петрова Н.В., Прометной Д.В., Пшениснов К.В., Ревуненков Г.В., Ртищев А.Ю., Русинова Д.С., Сайфуллин М.А., Сайфуллин Р.Ф., Селимзянова Л.Р., Таточенко В.К., Тепаев Р.Ф., Усков А.Н., Федосеенко М.В., Фисенко А.П., Харькин А.В., Эфендиева К.Е., Яковлев А.В., 20202020Александрович Ю.С., Алексеева Е.И., Бакрадзе М.Д., Баранов А.А., Батышева Т.Т., Вашакмадзе Н.Д., Вершинина М.Г., Вишнева Е.А., Глазырина А.А., Гордеева О.Б., Дьяконова Е.Ю., Жолобова Е.С., Заболотский Д.В., Зверева Н.Н., Зеленкова И.В., Иванов Д.О., Кайтукова Е.В., Каркашадзе Г.А., Коновалов И.В., Крючко Д.С., Куличенко Т.В., Курбанова С.Х., Левина Ю.Г., Лобзин Ю.В., Мазанкова Л.Н., Маргиева Т.В., Намазова-Баранова Л.С., Новикова Ю.Ю., Овсянников Д.Ю., Петряйкина Е.Е., Петренко Ю.В., Петрова Н.В., Прометной Д.В., Пшениснов К.В., Ревуненков Г.В., Ртищев А.Ю., Русинова Д.С., Сайфуллин М.А., Сайфуллин Р.Ф., Селимзянова Л.Р., Таточенко В.К., Тепаев Р.Ф., Усков А.Н., Федосеенко М.В., Фисенко А.П., Харькин А.В., Эфендиева К.Е., Яковлев А.В.Alexandrovich Y.S., Alekseeva E.I., Bakradze M.D., Baranov A.A., Batysheva T.T., Vashakmadze N.D., Vershinina M.G., Vishneva E.A., Glazyrina A.A., Gordeeva O.B., Dyakonova E.Y., Zholobova Е.S., Zabolotsky D.V., Zvereva N.N., Zelenkova I.V., Ivanov D.O., Kaytukova E.V., Karkashadze G.A., Konovalov I.V., Kruchko D.S., Kulichenko T.V., Kurbanova S.K., Levina Y.G., Lobzin Y.V., Mazankova L.N., Margieva T.V., Namazova-Baranova L.S., Novikova Y.Y., Ovsyannikov D.Y., Petryaykina E.E., Petrenko Y.V., Petrova N.V., Prometnoy D.V., Pshenisov K.V., Revunenkov G.V., Rtishchev A.Y., Rusinova D.S., Sayfullin M.A., Sayfullin R.F., Selimzyanova L.R., Tatochenko V.K., Tepaev R.F., Uskov A.N., Fedoseenko M.V., Fisenko A.P., Khar’kin A.V., Efendieva K.E., Yakovlev A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.pedpharma.ru/jour/article/view/1865

С целью обеспечения детского населения эффективной медицинской помощью в условиях пандемии новой коронавирусной инфекции Минздравом России совместно с профессиональными ассоциациями и экспертами в области педиатрии, инфекционных болезней и реанимации были переработаны методические рекомендации «Особенности клинических проявлений и лечения заболевания, вызванного новой коронавирусной инфекцией (COVID-19), у детей». При разработке документа был учтен практический опыт не только специалистов нашей страны, но и зарубежных коллег. Особое внимание уделено доказательной базе представленных данных, а также вопросам эффективности и безопасности лекарственных препаратов, применяемых при лечении данной инфекции и ее осложнений. В статье на основании указанных методических рекомендаций авторы освещают вопросы профилактики, диагностики, лечения патологических состояний, обусловленных COVID-19. Тактика ведения пациента представлена в зависимости от возраста и степени тяжести течения болезни, терапия рассмотрена с позиций этиологической, патогенетической и симптоматической направленности.

The Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation jointly with professional association and experts in the field of pediatrics, infectious diseases and resuscitation has revised guidelines “Clinical Features and Management of the Disease Caused by New Coronaviral Infection (COVID-19) in Children” in order to provide the child population with effective medical care during the pandemic of the new coronaviral infection. The practical experience of specialists from various countries was considered during the development of this document. Special attention should be given to the evidence base of the presented data, as well as to the efficiency and safety issues of medications used in treatment of coronaviral infection and its complications. The authors highlight the problems of prevention, diagnostics and management of pathological conditions caused by COVID-19 in the article according to the presented guidelines. Patient’s management is presented depending on the age and severity of the disease itself. The therapy is considered with regard to etiological, pathogenetic and symptom focus.

коронавирусная инфекцияCOVID-19профилактикадиагностикалечениенеотложные мероприятияпоказания к госпитализацииреабилитациянеотложная и реанимационная помощьдетиcoronaviral infectionCOVID-19preventiondiagnosticstreatmentemergency careindications for hospitalizationrehabilitationemergency and intensive carechildrenНе указан.Not specified.ReferencesТехнические руководящие указания ВОЗ. Наименование заболевания, вызванного коронавирусом (COVID-19), и вирусного возбудителя. Доступно по: https://www.who.int/ru/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance/naming-the-coronavirus-disease-(covid-2019)-and-the-virus-that-causes-it. Ссылка активна на 12.04.2020.Tekhnicheskiye rukovodyashchiye ukazaniya VOZ. Naimenovaniye zabolevaniya, vyzvannogo koronavirusom (COVID-19), i virusnogo vozbuditelya. (In Russ). Доступно по: https://www.who.int/ru/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance/naming-the-coronavirus-disease-(covid-2019)-and-the-virus-that-causes-it. Ссылка активна на 12.04.2020.Постановление Правительства Российской Федерации от 31 января 2020 N 66 «О внесении изменения в перечень заболеваний, представляющих опасность для окружающих». Доступно по: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202002030005. Ссылка активна на 12.04.2020.Resolution of the government of the Russian Federation N 66 “O vnesenii izmeneniya v perechen’ zabolevaniy, predstavlyayushchikh opasnost’ dlya okruzhayushchikh”; dated 2020 January 31. (In Russ). Доступно по: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001202002030005. Ссылка активна на 12.04.2020.New study on COVID-19 estimates 5.1 days for incubation period. The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, March 9, 2020. Available online: https://www.jhsph.edu/news/news-releases/2020/new-study-on-COVID-19-estimates-5-daysfor-incubation-period.html.New study on COVID-19 estimates 5.1 days for incubation period. The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, March 9, 2020. Available online: https://www.jhsph.edu/news/news-releases/2020/new-study-on-COVID-19-estimates-5-daysfor-incubation-period.html.Lauer SA, Grantz KH, Bi Q, et al. The incubation period of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) from publicly reported confirmed cases: estimation and application. Ann Intern Med. 2020;172(9):577–582. doi: 10.7326/M20-0504.Lauer SA, Grantz KH, Bi Q, et al. The incubation period of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) from publicly reported confirmed cases: estimation and application. Ann Intern Med. 2020;172(9):577–582. doi: 10.7326/M20-0504.Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации. Временные методические рекомендации «Профилактика, диагностика и лечение новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19)». Версия 4 (27.03.2020). Доступно по: https://static-3.rosminzdrav.ru/system/attachments/attaches/000/049/881/original/COVID19_recomend_v4.pdf. Ссылка активна на 12.04.2020.Ministry of health of the Russian Federation. Vremennyye metodicheskiye rekomendatsii “Profilaktika, diagnostika i lecheniye novoy koronavirusnoy infektsii (COVID-19)”. Versiya 4 (27.03.2020). (In Russ). Доступно по: https://static-3.rosminzdrav.ru/system/attachments/attaches/000/049/881/original/COVID19_recomend_v4.pdf. Ссылка активна на 12.04.2020.To KK-W, Tsang OT-Y, Leung W-S, et al. Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior or opharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020;20(5):565–574. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30196-1.To KK-W, Tsang OT-Y, Leung W-S, et al. Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior or opharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2020;20(5):565–574. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30196-1.Shen K, Yang Y. Diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children: a pressing issue. World J Pediatr. 2020;16(3)219–221. doi: 10.1007/s12519-020-00344-6.Shen K, Yang Y. Diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children: a pressing issue. World J Pediatr. 2020;16(3)219–221. doi: 10.1007/s12519-020-00344-6.Scott D. The Covid-19 risks for different age groups, explained. Vox. 23.03.2020. Available online: https://www.vox.com/2020/3/23/21190033/coronavirus-covid-19-deaths-by-age.Scott D. The Covid-19 risks for different age groups, explained. Vox. 23.03.2020. Available online: https://www.vox.com/2020/3/23/21190033/coronavirus-covid-19-deaths-by-age.Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):497–506. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5.Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):497–506. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5.Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, et al. A novel Coronavirus from patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(8):727–733. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2001017.Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, et al. A novel Coronavirus from patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(8):727–733. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2001017.Guan W, Ni Z, Hu Y, et al. Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(18):1708–1720. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032.Guan W, Ni Z, Hu Y, et al. Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(18):1708–1720. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032.Baez D. Clinical findings of 6 children with COVID-19, risks factors associated with COVID- 19 death, and detection of SARSCoV-2 in different clinical specimens. Mar 13, 2020. Available online: http://www.anmco.it/uploads/u_cms/media/2020/3/b0f67d369884729177067cdc663b497c.pdf.Baez D. Clinical findings of 6 children with COVID-19, risks factors associated with COVID- 19 death, and detection of SARSCoV-2 in different clinical specimens. Mar 13, 2020. Available online: http://www.anmco.it/uploads/u_cms/media/2020/3/b0f67d369884729177067cdc663b497c.pdf.Dong Y, Mo X, Hu Y, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of 2143 pediatric patients with 2019 Coronavirus Disease in China. Pediatrics. 2020. Available online: https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/pediatrics/early/2020/03/16/peds.2020-0702.full.pdf.Dong Y, Mo X, Hu Y, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of 2143 pediatric patients with 2019 Coronavirus Disease in China. Pediatrics. 2020. Available online: https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/pediatrics/early/2020/03/16/peds.2020-0702.full.pdf.Lu X, Liqiong Zhang L, Du H, et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(17):1663–1665. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2005073.Lu X, Liqiong Zhang L, Du H, et al. SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(17):1663–1665. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2005073.Chan J-W, Yuan S, Kok K, et al. A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):514–523. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30154-9.Chan J-W, Yuan S, Kok K, et al. A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):514–523. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30154-9.Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2020;395(10229):1054–1062. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3.Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2020;395(10229):1054–1062. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3.Zhang J, Dong X, Cao Y, et al. Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China. Allergy. 2020;75(7):1730–1741. doi: 10.1111/all.14238.Zhang J, Dong X, Cao Y, et al. Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China. Allergy. 2020;75(7):1730–1741. doi: 10.1111/all.14238.Boulos MN, Geraghty EM. Geographical tracking and mapping of coronavirus disease COVID-19/severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic and associated events around the world: how 21st century GIS technologies are supporting the global fight against outbreaks and epidemics. Int J Health Geogr. 2020;19(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s12942-020-00202-8.Boulos MN, Geraghty EM. Geographical tracking and mapping of coronavirus disease COVID-19/severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) epidemic and associated events around the world: how 21st century GIS technologies are supporting the global fight against outbreaks and epidemics. Int J Health Geogr. 2020;19(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s12942-020-00202-8.Wang S, Guo L, Chen L, et al. A case report of neonatal COVID-19 infection in China. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;ciaa225. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa225.Wang S, Guo L, Chen L, et al. A case report of neonatal COVID-19 infection in China. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;ciaa225. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa225.Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet. 2020;395(10226):809–815. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30360-3.Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet. 2020;395(10226):809–815. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30360-3.The Daily Star. Coronavirus suspicion: 7-month-old baby sent to Dhaka from isolation ward in Kushtia. Mar 26, 2020. Available online: https://www.thedailystar.net/coronavirus-suspicion-inkushtia-7-month-old-baby-isolation-ward-1886209.The Daily Star. Coronavirus suspicion: 7-month-old baby sent to Dhaka from isolation ward in Kushtia. Mar 26, 2020. Available online: https://www.thedailystar.net/coronavirus-suspicion-inkushtia-7-month-old-baby-isolation-ward-1886209.WHO recommendation. Getting your workplace ready for COVID-19. Feb 26, 2020. Available online: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/getting-workplace-ready-forcovid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=359a81e7_6.WHO recommendation. Getting your workplace ready for COVID-19. Feb 26, 2020. Available online: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/getting-workplace-ready-forcovid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=359a81e7_6.National Health Commission & State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (Trial Version 7), Chin Med J (Engl). 2020;133(9):1087–1095. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000819.National Health Commission & State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (Trial Version 7), Chin Med J (Engl). 2020;133(9):1087–1095. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000819.Cao B, Wang Y, Wen D, et al. A trial of Lopinavir-Ritonavir in adults hospitalized with Severe Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(19):1787–1799. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2001282.Cao B, Wang Y, Wen D, et al. A trial of Lopinavir-Ritonavir in adults hospitalized with Severe Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(19):1787–1799. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2001282.Velthuis AJ, van den Worm, Sims AC, et al. Zn(2+) inhibits coronavirus and arterivirus RNA polymerase activity in vitro and zinc ionophores block the replication of these viruses in cell culture. PLoSPathog. 2010;6(11):e1001176. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001176.Velthuis AJ, van den Worm, Sims AC, et al. Zn(2+) inhibits coronavirus and arterivirus RNA polymerase activity in vitro and zinc ionophores block the replication of these viruses in cell culture. PLoSPathog. 2010;6(11):e1001176. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001176.Gautret P, Lagier J, Parola P, et al. Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020;105949. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949.Gautret P, Lagier J, Parola P, et al. Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2020;105949. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949.Chang R, Sun W. Repositioning chloroquine as ideal antiviral prophylactic against COVID-19 — time is now. Preprints. 2020;2020030279. doi: 10.20944/preprints202003.0279.v1.Chang R, Sun W. Repositioning chloroquine as ideal antiviral prophylactic against COVID-19 — time is now. Preprints. 2020;2020030279. doi: 10.20944/preprints202003.0279.v1.Advisory on the use of hydroxy-chloroquine as prophylaxis for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Recommendation. Mar 22, 2020. Available online: https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/AdvisoryontheuseofHydroxychloroquinasprophylaxisforSARSCoV2infection.pdf.Advisory on the use of hydroxy-chloroquine as prophylaxis for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Recommendation. Mar 22, 2020. Available online: https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/AdvisoryontheuseofHydroxychloroquinasprophylaxisforSARSCoV2infection.pdf.National Taskforce for COVID-19 Advisory on the use of hydroxychloroquine as prophylaxis for SARS-CoV-2 infection. 2020. Available online: https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/AdvisoryontheuseofHydroxychloroquinasprophylaxisforSARSCoV2infection.pdfWorcester S. COVID-19 characteristics differ in children vs adults. 2020. Available online: https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/926805.National Taskforce for COVID-19 Advisory on the use of hydroxychloroquine as prophylaxis for SARS-CoV-2 infection. 2020. Available online: https://www.mohfw.gov.in/pdf/AdvisoryontheuseofHydroxychloroquinasprophylaxisforSARSCoV2infection.pdfWorcester S. COVID-19 characteristics differ in children vs adults. 2020. Available online: https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/926805.Sarma P, Prajapat M, Avti P, et al. Therapeutic options for the treatment of 2019-novel coronavirus: An evidence-based approach. Indian J Pharmacol. 2020;52(1):1–5. doi: 10.4103/ijp.IJP_119_20.Sarma P, Prajapat M, Avti P, et al. Therapeutic options for the treatment of 2019-novel coronavirus: An evidence-based approach. Indian J Pharmacol. 2020;52(1):1–5. doi: 10.4103/ijp.IJP_119_20.Ong SW, Tan YK, Chia PY, et al. Air, surface environmental, and personal protective equipment contamination by severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from a symptomatic patient. JAMA. 2020;323(16):1610–1612. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.3227.Ong SW, Tan YK, Chia PY, et al. Air, surface environmental, and personal protective equipment contamination by severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from a symptomatic patient. JAMA. 2020;323(16):1610–1612. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.3227.Xu Y, Li X, Zhu B, et al. Characteristics of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential evidence for persistent fecal viral shedding. Nat Med. 2020;26(4):502–505. doi: 10.1038/s41591-020-0817-4.Xu Y, Li X, Zhu B, et al. Characteristics of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection and potential evidence for persistent fecal viral shedding. Nat Med. 2020;26(4):502–505. doi: 10.1038/s41591-020-0817-4.Zeng L, Xia S, Yuan W, et al. Neonatal early-onset infection with SARS-CoV-2 in 33 neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Pediatr. 2020;e200878. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0878.Zeng L, Xia S, Yuan W, et al. Neonatal early-onset infection with SARS-CoV-2 in 33 neonates born to mothers with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. JAMA Pediatr. 2020;e200878. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.0878.Wang J, Qi H, Bao L, et al. A contingency plan for the management of the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in neonatal intensive care units. Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2020;4(4):258–259. doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30040-7.Wang J, Qi H, Bao L, et al. A contingency plan for the management of the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in neonatal intensive care units. Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2020;4(4):258–259. doi: 10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30040-7.Qin C, Zhou L, Hu Z, at al. Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;ciaa248. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa248.Qin C, Zhou L, Hu Z, at al. Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;ciaa248. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa248.Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Cardona-Ospina JA, Gutiérrez-Ocampo E, et al; Latin American Network of Coronavirus Disease 2019-COVID-19 Research (LANCOVID-19). Electronic address: https://www.lancovid.org.Clinical, laboratory and imaging features of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2020;101623. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101623.Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Cardona-Ospina JA, Gutiérrez-Ocampo E, et al; Latin American Network of Coronavirus Disease 2019-COVID-19 Research (LANCOVID-19). Electronic address: https://www.lancovid.org.Clinical, laboratory and imaging features of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2020;101623. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101623.Henry BM, Lippi G, Plebani M. Laboratory abnormalities in children with novel coronavirus disease 2019. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2020;58(7):1135–1138. doi: 10.1515/cclm-2020-0272.Henry BM, Lippi G, Plebani M. Laboratory abnormalities in children with novel coronavirus disease 2019. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2020;58(7):1135–1138. doi: 10.1515/cclm-2020-0272.Guo L, Ren L, Yang S, et al. Profiling early humoral response to diagnose novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Clin Infect Dis. 2020;ciaa310. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa310.Guo L, Ren L, Yang S, et al. Profiling early humoral response to diagnose novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Clin Infect Dis. 2020;ciaa310. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa310.Soldati G, Smargiassi A, Inchingolo R, et al. Is there a role for lung ultrasound during the COVID-19 pandemic? J Ultrasound Med. 2020;39(7):1459–1462. doi: 10.1002/jum.15284.Soldati G, Smargiassi A, Inchingolo R, et al. Is there a role for lung ultrasound during the COVID-19 pandemic? J Ultrasound Med. 2020;39(7):1459–1462. doi: 10.1002/jum.15284.Islam M, Levitus M, Eisen L, et al. Lung ultrasound for the diagnosis and management of acute respiratory failure. Lung. 2020;198(1):1–11. doi: 10.1007/s00408-019-00309-1.Islam M, Levitus M, Eisen L, et al. Lung ultrasound for the diagnosis and management of acute respiratory failure. Lung. 2020;198(1):1–11. doi: 10.1007/s00408-019- 00309-1.Chen ZM, Fu JF, Shu Q, et al. Diagnosis and treatment recommendations for pediatric respiratory infection caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus. World J Pediatr. 2020;16(3):240–246. doi: 10.1007/s12519-020-00345-5.Chen ZM, Fu JF, Shu Q, et al. Diagnosis and treatment recommendations for pediatric respiratory infection caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus. World J Pediatr. 2020;16(3):240–246. doi: 10.1007/s12519-020-00345-5.COVID-19 and breastfeeding. WHO Position Paper. Available online: https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/437788/breastfeeding-COVID-19.pdf.COVID-19 and breastfeeding. WHO Position Paper. Available online: https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/437788/breastfeeding-COVID-19.pdf.Ludvigsson JF. Systematic review of COVID-19 in children shows milder cases and a better prognosis than adults. Acta Paediatr. 2020;109(6):1088–1095. doi: 10.1111/apa.15270.Ludvigsson JF. Systematic review of COVID-19 in children shows milder cases and a better prognosis than adults. Acta Paediatr. 2020;109(6):1088–1095. doi: 10.1111/apa.15270.Shen K, Yang Y, Wang T, et al. Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children: experts’ consensus statement. World J Pediatr. 2020;16(3):223–231. doi: 10.1007/s12519-020-00343-7.Shen K, Yang Y, Wang T, et al. Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in children: experts’ consensus statement. World J Pediatr. 2020;16(3):223–231. doi: 10.1007/s12519-020-00343-7.Karimi A, RafieiTabatabaei S, Rajabnejad M, et al. An algorithmic approach to diagnosis and treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children: iranian expert’s consensus statement. Arch Pediatr Infect Dis. 2020;8(2):e102400. doi: 10.5812/pedinfect.102400.Karimi A, RafieiTabatabaei S, Rajabnejad M, et al. An algorithmic approach to diagnosis and treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children: iranian expert’s consensus statement. Arch Pediatr Infect Dis. 2020;8(2):e102400. doi: 10.5812/pedinfect.102400.Alder Hey Children’s Hospital: Clinical management of children admitted to hospital with COVID-19. March 2020. Version 1. Available online: https://alderhey.nhs.uk/application/files/1815/8422/1173/COVID_19_IN_CHILDREN_CLINICAL_GUIDANCE_v1.pdf.Alder Hey Children’s Hospital: Clinical management of children admitted to hospital with COVID-19. March 2020. Version 1. Available online: https://alderhey.nhs.uk/application/files/1815/8422/1173/COVID_19_IN_CHILDREN_CLINICAL_GUIDANCE_v1.pdf.Michigan Medicine University of Michigan. Inpatient Guidance for treatment of COVID-19 in adults and children. Available online: http://www.med.umich.edu/asp/pdf/adult_guidelines/COVID-19-treatment.pdf.Michigan Medicine University of Michigan. Inpatient Guidance for treatment of COVID-19 in adults and children. Available online: http://www.med.umich.edu/asp/pdf/adult_guidelines/COVID-19-treatment.pdf.WHO Coronavirus disease (COVID-2019) situation reports. Available online: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports/.WHO Coronavirus disease (COVID-2019) situation reports. Available online: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports/.Приказ Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации от 19.03.2020 N 198н «О временном порядке организации работы медицинских организации в целях реализации мер по профилактике и снижению рисков распространения новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19» (с изменениями от 27 марта 2020 г. N 246н). Доступно по: https://rg.ru/2020/03/20/minzdravprikaz198-site-dok.html. Ссылка активна на 12.04.2020.Order N 198n Ministry of Health Russia “O vremennom poryadke organizatsii raboty meditsinskikh organizatsii v tselyakh realizatsii mer po profilaktike i snizheniyu riskov rasprostraneniya novoy koronavirusnoy infektsii COVID-19” (with changes from March 27, 2020 N 246n), dated 2020 March 27. (In Russ). Доступно по: https://rg.ru/2020/03/20/minzdravprikaz198-site-dok.html. Ссылка активна на 12.04.2020.Whittaker E. et al., Clinical Characteristics of 58 Children With a Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally Associated With SARS-CoV-2. JAMA. 2020;e2010369. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.10369/.Whittaker E. et al., Clinical Characteristics of 58 Children With a Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome Temporally Associated With SARS-CoV-2. JAMA. 2020;e2010369. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.10369/.Toubiana J, Poirault C, Corsia A, et al. Outbreak of Kawasaki disease in children during COVID-19 pandemic: a prospective observational study in Paris, France. medRxiv. Preprint posted May 2020. doi: 10.1101/2020.05.10.20097394.Toubiana J, Poirault C, Corsia A, et al. Outbreak of Kawasaki disease in children during COVID-19 pandemic: a prospective observational study in Paris, France. medRxiv. Preprint posted May 2020. doi: 10.1101/2020.05.10.20097394.Riphagen S, Gomez X, Gonzalez-Martinez C, et al. Hyperinflammatory shock in children during COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet. 2020;395(10237):1607–1608. doi: 10.1016/S01406736(20)31094-1.Riphagen S, Gomez X, Gonzalez-Martinez C, et al. Hyperinflammatory shock in children during COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet. 2020;395(10237):1607–1608. doi: 10.1016/S01406736(20)31094-1.Belhadjer Z, Méot M, Bajolle F, et al. Acute heart failure in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in the context of global SARS-CoV-2pandemic. Circulation. 2020;382:137022. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.048360.Belhadjer Z, Méot M, Bajolle F, et al. Acute heart failure in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in the context of global SARS-CoV-2pandemic. Circulation. 2020;382:137022. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.048360.Verdoni L, Mazza A, Gervasoni A, et al. An outbreak of severe Kawasaki-like disease at the Italian epicenter of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: an observational cohort study. Lancet. Published online May 13, 2020. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31103-X.Verdoni L, Mazza A, Gervasoni A, et al. An outbreak of severe Kawasaki-like disease at the Italian epicenter of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: an observational cohort study. Lancet. Published online May 13, 2020. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31103-X.Viner RM, Whittaker E. Kawasaki-like disease: emerging complication during the COVID-19 pandemic comment. Lancet. Published online May 13, 2020. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31129-6.Viner RM, Whittaker E. Kawasaki-like disease: emerging complication during the COVID-19 pandemic comment. Lancet. Published online May 13, 2020. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31129-6.European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Rapid risk assessment: paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome and SARS -CoV-2 infection in children. Published May 15, 2020. Available online: https://www.ecdc. europa.eu/en/publicationsdata/paediatricinflammatory-multisystem-syndrome-and-sarscov-2-rapid-risk-assessment. Accessed on May 22, 2020.European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Rapid risk assessment: paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome and SARS -CoV-2 infection in children. Published May 15, 2020. Available online: https://www.ecdc. europa.eu/en/publicationsdata/paediatricinflammatory-multisystem-syndrome-and-sarscov-2-rapid-risk-assessment. Accessed on May 22, 2020.Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health. Guidance: paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19. https://www.rcpch.ac.uk/resources/guidance-paediatric-multisysteminflammatory-syndrometemporally-associatedcovid-19. Accessed on May 22, 2020.Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health. Guidance: paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19. https://www.rcpch.ac.uk/resources/guidance-paediatric-multisysteminflammatory-syndrometemporally-associatedcovid-19. Accessed on May 22, 2020.World Health Organization. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents with COVID-19. Published May 15, 2020. https://www.who.int/publications-detail/multisysteminflammatorysyndrome-in-children-and-adolescents-withcovid-19. Accessed on May 22, 2020.World Health Organization. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents with COVID-19. Published May 15, 2020. https://www.who.int/publications-detail/multisysteminflammatorysyndrome-in-children-and-adolescents-withcovid-19. Accessed on May 22, 2020.Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Consensus Recommendations From the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2015;16(5):428–439. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000000350.Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Consensus Recommendations From the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2015;16(5):428–439. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000000350.Delaney M, Bell M, Smith K, et al. Severe COVID-19 in Children and Young Adults in the Washington, DC Metropolitan Region. J Pediatr. 2020;223:199–203.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.05.007.Delaney M, Bell M, Smith K, et al. Severe COVID-19 in Children and Young Adults in the Washington, DC Metropolitan Region. J Pediatr. 2020;223:199–203.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.05.007.Belhadjer Z, Méot M, Bajolle F, et al. Acute heart failure in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in the context of global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Circulation. 2020 May 17. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.048360.Belhadjer Z, Méot M, Bajolle F, et al. Acute heart failure in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in the context of global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Circulation. 2020 May 17. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.048360.Verdoni L, Mazza A, Gervasoni A, et al. An outbreak of severe Kawasaki-like disease at the Italian epicentre of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: an observational cohort study. Lancet. 2020 May 13. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31103-X.Verdoni L, Mazza A, Gervasoni A, et al. An outbreak of severe Kawasaki-like disease at the Italian epicentre of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic: an observational cohort study. Lancet. 2020 May 13. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31103-X.Riphagen S, Gomez X, Gonzalez-Martinez C, et al. Hyperinflammatory shock in children during COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet. 2020;395(10237):1607–1608. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31094-1.Riphagen S, Gomez X, Gonzalez-Martinez C, et al. Hyperinflammatory shock in children during COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet. 2020;395(10237):1607–1608. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31094-1.Hennon TR, Penque MD, Abdul-Aziz R, et al. COVID-19 associated Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) guidelines; a Western New York approach. Prog Pediatr Cardiol. 2020 May 23:101232. doi: 10.1016/j.ppedcard.2020.101232. Epub ahead of print. PMCID: PMC7244417Hennon TR, Penque MD, Abdul-Aziz R, et al. COVID-19 associated Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) guidelines; a Western New York approach. Prog Pediatr Cardiol. 2020 May 23:101232. doi: 10.1016/j.ppedcard.2020.101232. Epub ahead of print. PMCID: PMC7244417Kanegaye JT, Wilder MS, Molkara D, et al. Recognition of a Kawasaki disease shock syndrome. Pediatrics. 2009;123(5):e783–e789. doi: 10.1542/peds.2008-1871.Kanegaye JT, Wilder MS, Molkara D, et al. Recognition of a Kawasaki disease shock syndrome. Pediatrics. 2009;123(5):e783–e789. doi: 10.1542/peds.2008-1871.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.