ppharmПедиатрическая фармакологияPediatric pharmacology1727-57762500-3089Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»10.15690/pf.v14i2.1724ppharm-1510Research ArticleКЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИCLINICAL RECOMMENDATIONSОстрая респираторная вирусная инфекция у детей: современные подходы к диагностике и лечениюAcute Respiratory Viral Infection in Children: Modern Approaches to Diagnosis and Treatmenthttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3987-8112БарановА. А.BaranovAlexander A.vishneva@nczd.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9524-7513ЛобзинЮ. В.LobzinYuriy V.vishneva@nczd.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2209-7531Намазова-БарановаЛ. С.Namazova-BaranovaLeyla S.vishneva@nczd.ruТаточенкоВ. К.TatochenkoVladimir K.vishneva@nczd.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2728-0906УсковА. Н.UskovAlexander N.vishneva@nczd.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7447-0625КуличенкоТ. В.KulichenkoTatiana V.vishneva@nczd.ruБакрадзеМ. Д.BakradzeMaya D.vishneva@nczd.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7398-0562ВишнёваЕ. А.VishnevaElena A.

кандидат медицинских наук, заместитель директора НИИ педиатрии по научной работе, заведующая отделом стандартизации и клинической фармакологии, врач аллерголог-иммунолог отделения восстановительного лечения детей с аллергическими болезнями и заболеваниями органов дыхания НИИ педиатрии ФГАУ «ННПЦЗД» Минздрава России

vishneva@nczd.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3678-7939СелимзяноваЛ. Р.SelimzianovaLiliia R.vishneva@nczd.ruПоляковаА. С.PolyakovaAnastasia S.vishneva@nczd.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8591-8616АртёмоваИ. В.ArtemovaInga V.vishneva@nczd.ruПромысловаЕ. А.PromyslovaElena A.vishneva@nczd.ruНациональный научно-практический центр здоровья детейРоссияNational Scientific and Practical Center of Children's HealthRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский институт детских инфекций Федерального медико-биологического агентства РоссииРоссияResearch Institute of Pediatric Infections of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of RussiaRussian FederationНациональный научно-практический центр здоровья детей; Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. ПироговаРоссияNational Scientific and Practical Center of Children's Health; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian FederationНациональный научно-практический центр здоровья детей; Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. СеченоваРоссияNational Scientific and Practical Center of Children's Health; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical UniversityRussian FederationНациональный научно-практический центр здоровья детей, МоскваРоссияNational Scientific and Practical Center of Children's HealthRussian Federation201701082017142100108Copyright © Баранов А.А., Лобзин Ю.В., Намазова-Баранова Л.С., Таточенко В.К., Усков А.Н., Куличенко Т.В., Бакрадзе М.Д., Вишнёва Е.А., Селимзянова Л.Р., Полякова А.С., Артёмова И.В., Промыслова Е.А., 20172017Баранов А.А., Лобзин Ю.В., Намазова-Баранова Л.С., Таточенко В.К., Усков А.Н., Куличенко Т.В., Бакрадзе М.Д., Вишнёва Е.А., Селимзянова Л.Р., Полякова А.С., Артёмова И.В., Промыслова Е.А.Baranov A.A., Lobzin Y.V., Namazova-Baranova L.S., Tatochenko V.K., Uskov A.N., Kulichenko T.V., Bakradze M.D., Vishneva E.A., Selimzianova L.R., Polyakova A.S., Artemova I.V., Promyslova E.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.pedpharma.ru/jour/article/view/1510

Статья посвящена острым респираторным вирусным инфекциям (ОРВИ) у детей. ОРВИ занимают одно из лидирующих мест в структуре детской заболеваемости. В публикации представлен обзор разработанных и утвержденных профессиональной ассоциацией «Союз педиатров России» клинических рекомендаций по острым респираторным инфекциям у детей. Настоящие рекомендации обобщают опыт ведущих мировых и отечественных специалистов, содержат научно- практические данные, соответствующие самым актуальным тенденциям ведения пациентов детского возраста с данной патологией. Авторами представлены современные сведения об этиологии, патогенезе, классификации, клинике и дифференциальной диагностике различных нозологических форм острых инфекций дыхательных путей в детской популяции, подробно рассмотрены общие (стратегические) принципы немедикаментозного и медикаментозного лечения. 

The article is devoted to acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) in children. ARVI take one of the leading places in a childhood morbidity structure. The article provides an overview of the clinical guidelines developed and approved by the professional association «Union of Pediatricians of Russia» for acute respiratory infections in children. These guidelines summarize the experience of the leading world and domestic specialists, contain scientific and practical data that correspond to the most relevant trends in the management of children with this pathology. The authors present modern information on the etiology, pathogenesis, classification, clinical findings and differential diagnosis of various nosological forms of acute respiratory tract infections in the pediatric population. The general (strategic) principles of drug-free and drug treatment are discussed in detail.

острая инфекция верхних дыхательных путейострая респираторная инфекцияострый ларингитострый ларинготрахеитострый трахеитострый ларингофарингитострый назофарингитострый фарингитacute infection of the upper respiratory tractacute respiratory infectionacute laryngitisacute laryngotracheitisacute tracheitisacute laryngopharyngitisacute nasopharyngitisacute pharyngitisНе указанReferencesvan den Broek MF, Gudden C, Kluijfhout WP, et al. No evidence for distinguishing bacterial from viral acute rhinosinusitis using symptom duration and purulent rhinorrhea: a systematic review of the evidence base. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2014;150(4):533– 537. doi: 10.1177/0194599814522595.van den Broek MF, Gudden C, Kluijfhout WP, et al. No evidence for distinguishing bacterial from viral acute rhinosinusitis using symptom duration and purulent rhinorrhea: a systematic review of the evidence base. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2014;150(4):533– 537. doi: 10.1177/0194599814522595.Hay AD, Heron J, Ness A; ALSPAC study team. The prevalence of symptoms and consultations in pre-school children in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC): a prospective cohort study. Fam Pract. 2005;22(4):367–374. doi: 10.1093/ fampra/cmi035.Hay AD, Heron J, Ness A; ALSPAC study team. The prevalence of symptoms and consultations in pre-school children in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC): a prospective cohort study. Fam Pract. 2005;22(4):367–374. doi: 10.1093/ fampra/cmi035.Fendrick AM, Monto AS, Nightengale B, Sarnes M. The economic burden of non-influenza-related viral respiratory tract infection in the United States. Arch Intern Med. 2003;163(4):487–494. doi: 10.1001/archinte.163.4.487.Fendrick AM, Monto AS, Nightengale B, Sarnes M. The economic burden of non-influenza-related viral respiratory tract infection in the United States. Arch Intern Med. 2003;163(4):487–494. doi: 10.1001/archinte.163.4.487.Острые респираторные заболевания у детей: лечение и профилактика. Пособие для врачей. — М.: Международный фонд охраны здоровья матери и ребенка; 2002. — 69 с. [Ostrye respiratornye zabolevaniya u detei: lechenie i profilaktika. Posobie dlya vrachei. Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyi fond okhrany zdorov‘ya materi i rebenka; 2002. 69 p. (In Russ).]Острые респираторные заболевания у детей: лечение и профилактика. Пособие для врачей. — М.: Международный фонд охраны здоровья матери и ребенка; 2002. — 69 с. [Ostrye respiratornye zabolevaniya u detei: lechenie i profilaktika. Posobie dlya vrachei. Moscow: Mezhdunarodnyi fond okhrany zdorov‘ya materi i rebenka; 2002. 69 p. (In Russ).]Здравоохранение в России. Статистический сборник: 2015. — М.; 2015. — 174 с. [Zdravookhranenie v Rossii. Statisticheskii sbornik: 2015. Moscow; 2015. 174 p. (In Russ).]Здравоохранение в России. Статистический сборник: 2015. — М.; 2015. — 174 с. [Zdravookhranenie v Rossii. Statisticheskii sbornik: 2015. Moscow; 2015. 174 p. (In Russ).]rospotrebnadzor.ru [интернет]. Инфекционная заболеваемость в Российской Федерации за январь-декабрь 2015 года [доступ от 21.03.2017]. [Infektsionnaya zabolevaemost‘ v Rossiiskoi Federatsii za yanvar‘-dekabr‘ 2015 goda (In Russ).] Доступ по ссылке http:// rospotrebnadzor.ru/activities/statistical-materials/statictic_details. php?ELEMENT_ID=5525.rospotrebnadzor.ru [интернет]. Инфекционная заболеваемость в Российской Федерации за январь-декабрь 2015 года [доступ от 21.03.2017]. [Infektsionnaya zabolevaemost‘ v Rossiiskoi Federatsii za yanvar‘-dekabr‘ 2015 goda (In Russ).] Доступ по ссылке http:// rospotrebnadzor.ru/activities/statistical-materials/statictic_details. php?ELEMENT_ID=5525.Таточенко В.К. Болезни органов дыхания у детей. — М.; 2012. — 396 с. [Tatochenko VK. Bolezni organov dykhaniya u detei. Moscow; 2012. 396 p. (In Russ).]Таточенко В.К. Болезни органов дыхания у детей. — М.; 2012. — 396 с. [Tatochenko VK. Bolezni organov dykhaniya u detei. Moscow; 2012. 396 p. (In Russ).]Pappas DE, Hendley JO, Hayden FG, Winther B. Symptom profile of common colds in school-aged children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2008;27(1):8. doi: 10.1097/INF.0b013e31814847d9.Pappas DE, Hendley JO, Hayden FG, Winther B. Symptom profile of common colds in school-aged children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2008;27(1):8. doi: 10.1097/INF.0b013e31814847d9.Thompson M, Vodicka TA, Blair PS, et al. Duration of symptoms of respiratory tract infections in children: systematic review. BMJ. 2013;347:f7027. doi: 10.1136/bmj.f7027.Thompson M, Vodicka TA, Blair PS, et al. Duration of symptoms of respiratory tract infections in children: systematic review. BMJ. 2013;347:f7027. doi: 10.1136/bmj.f7027.Wald ER, Applegate KE, Bordley C, et al. Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of acute bacterial sinusitis in children aged 1 to 18 years. Pediatrics. 2013;132(1):e262–280. doi: 10.1542/peds.2013-1071.Wald ER, Applegate KE, Bordley C, et al. Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of acute bacterial sinusitis in children aged 1 to 18 years. Pediatrics. 2013;132(1):e262–280. doi: 10.1542/peds.2013-1071.Smith MJ. Evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of acute uncomplicated sinusitis in children: a systematic review. Pediatrics. 2013;132(1):e284–296. doi: 10.1542/peds.2013-1072.Smith MJ. Evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of acute uncomplicated sinusitis in children: a systematic review. Pediatrics. 2013;132(1):e284–296. doi: 10.1542/peds.2013-1072.Jefferson T, Jones MA, Doshi P, et al. Neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing and treating influenza in healthy adults and children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(4):CD008965. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008965.pub4.Jefferson T, Jones MA, Doshi P, et al. Neuraminidase inhibitors for preventing and treating influenza in healthy adults and children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(4):CD008965. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008965.pub4.who.int [Internet]. Global Alert and Response (GAR). WHO guidelines on the use of vaccines and antivirals during influenza pandemics. [cited 2015 Feb 18]. Available from: http://www. who.int/csr/resources/publications/influenza/WHO_CDS_CSR_ RMD_2004_8/en/.who.int [Internet]. Global Alert and Response (GAR). WHO guidelines on the use of vaccines and antivirals during influenza pandemics. [cited 2015 Feb 18]. Available from: http://www. who.int/csr/resources/publications/influenza/WHO_CDS_CSR_ RMD_2004_8/en/.Руководство по амбулаторно-клинической педиатрии / Под ред. Баранова А.А. 2-е изд., испр. и доп. — М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа; 2009. — 592 с. [Rukovodstvo po ambulatorno-klinicheskoi pediatrii. Ed by Baranov A.A. 2nd ed., revised. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2009. 592 p. (In Russ).]Руководство по амбулаторно-клинической педиатрии / Под ред. Баранова А.А. 2-е изд., испр. и доп. — М.: ГЭОТАР-Медиа; 2009. — 592 с. [Rukovodstvo po ambulatorno-klinicheskoi pediatrii. Ed by Baranov A.A. 2nd ed., revised. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2009. 592 p. (In Russ).]Schaad UB. OM-85 BV, an immunostimulant in pediatric recurrent respiratory tract infections: a systematic review. World J Pediatr. 2010;6(1):5–12. doi: 10.1007/s12519-010-0001-x.Schaad UB. OM-85 BV, an immunostimulant in pediatric recurrent respiratory tract infections: a systematic review. World J Pediatr. 2010;6(1):5–12. doi: 10.1007/s12519-010-0001-x.Mathie RT, Frye J, Fisher P. Homeopathic Oscillococcinum® for preventing and treating influenza and influenza-like illness. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(1):CD001957. doi: 10.1002/14651858. CD001957.pub6.Mathie RT, Frye J, Fisher P. Homeopathic Oscillococcinum® for preventing and treating influenza and influenza-like illness. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(1):CD001957. doi: 10.1002/14651858. CD001957.pub6.Kenealy T, Arroll B. Antibiotics for the common cold and acute purulent rhinitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(6):CD000247. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000247.pub3.Kenealy T, Arroll B. Antibiotics for the common cold and acute purulent rhinitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(6):CD000247. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000247.pub3.Баранов А.А., Богомильский М.Р., Волков И.К., и др. Применение антибиотиков у детей в амбулаторной практике. Практические рекомендации. Под редакцией Баранова А.А., Страчунского Л.С. // Клиническая микробиология и антимикробная химиотерапия. — 2007. — Т.9. — №3 — С. 200–210. [Baranov AA, Bogomilsky MR, Volkov IK, et al. Guidelines for antimicrobial therapy in outpatient pediatric care. Clinical microbiology and antimicrobial chemotherapy. 2007;9(3):200–210. (In Russ).]Баранов А.А., Богомильский М.Р., Волков И.К., и др. Применение антибиотиков у детей в амбулаторной практике. Практические рекомендации. Под редакцией Баранова А.А., Страчунского Л.С. // Клиническая микробиология и антимикробная химиотерапия. — 2007. — Т.9. — №3 — С. 200–210. [Baranov AA, Bogomilsky MR, Volkov IK, et al. Guidelines for antimicrobial therapy in outpatient pediatric care. Clinical microbiology and antimicrobial chemotherapy. 2007;9(3):200–210. (In Russ).]Harris AM, Hicks LA, Qaseem A; High Value Care Task Force of the American College of Physicians and for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Appropriate antibiotic use for acute respiratory tract infection in adults: advice for high-value care from the american college of physicians and the centers for disease control and prevention. Ann Intern Med. 2016;164(6):425–434. doi: 10.7326/ M15-1840.Harris AM, Hicks LA, Qaseem A; High Value Care Task Force of the American College of Physicians and for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Appropriate antibiotic use for acute respiratory tract infection in adults: advice for high-value care from the american college of physicians and the centers for disease control and prevention. Ann Intern Med. 2016;164(6):425–434. doi: 10.7326/ M15-1840.King D, Mitchell B, Williams CP, Spurling GK. Saline nasal irrigation for acute upper respiratory tract infections. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(4):CD006821. doi: 10.1002/14651858. CD006821.pub3.King D, Mitchell B, Williams CP, Spurling GK. Saline nasal irrigation for acute upper respiratory tract infections. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(4):CD006821. doi: 10.1002/14651858. CD006821.pub3.Wong T, Stang AS, Ganshorn H, et al. Cochrane in context: Combined and alternating paracetamol and ibuprofen therapy for febrile children. Evid Based Child Health. 2014;9(3):730–732. doi: 10.1002/ebch.1979.Wong T, Stang AS, Ganshorn H, et al. Cochrane in context: Combined and alternating paracetamol and ibuprofen therapy for febrile children. Evid Based Child Health. 2014;9(3):730–732. doi: 10.1002/ebch.1979.Smith SM, Schroeder K, Fahey T. Over-the-counter (OTC) medications for acute cough in children and adults in ambulatory settings. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(8):CD001831. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001831.pub4.Smith SM, Schroeder K, Fahey T. Over-the-counter (OTC) medications for acute cough in children and adults in ambulatory settings. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012;(8):CD001831. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001831.pub4.Chalumeau M, Duijvestijn YC. Acetylcysteine and carbocysteine for acute upper and lower respiratory tract infections in paediatric patients without chronic broncho-pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(5):CD003124. doi: 10.1002/14651858. CD003124.pub4.Chalumeau M, Duijvestijn YC. Acetylcysteine and carbocysteine for acute upper and lower respiratory tract infections in paediatric patients without chronic broncho-pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(5):CD003124. doi: 10.1002/14651858. CD003124.pub4.Singh M, Singh M. Heated, humidified air for the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(6):CD001728. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001728.pub5.Singh M, Singh M. Heated, humidified air for the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(6):CD001728. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001728.pub5.Little P, Moore M, Kelly J, et al. Ibuprofen, paracetamol, and steam for patients with respiratory tract infections in primary care: pragmatic randomised factorial trial. BMJ. 2013;347:f6041. doi: 10.1136/bmj.f6041.Little P, Moore M, Kelly J, et al. Ibuprofen, paracetamol, and steam for patients with respiratory tract infections in primary care: pragmatic randomised factorial trial. BMJ. 2013;347:f6041. doi: 10.1136/bmj.f6041.De Sutter AI, Saraswat A, van Driel ML. Antihistamines for the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(11):CD009345. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009345.pub2.De Sutter AI, Saraswat A, van Driel ML. Antihistamines for the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(11):CD009345. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009345.pub2.Hemilä H, Chalker E. Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(1):CD000980. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000980.pub4.Hemilä H, Chalker E. Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(1):CD000980. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000980.pub4.Оказание стационарной помощи детям. Руководство по лечению наиболее распространенных болезней у детей: карманный справочник. 2-е изд. — М.: Всемирная организация здравоохранения; 2013. — 452 с. [Pocket book of hospital care for children: Guidelines for the management of common childhood illnesses. 2nd ed. Moscow: World Health Organization; 2013. 452 p. (In Russ).]Оказание стационарной помощи детям. Руководство по лечению наиболее распространенных болезней у детей: карманный справочник. 2-е изд. — М.: Всемирная организация здравоохранения; 2013. — 452 с. [Pocket book of hospital care for children: Guidelines for the management of common childhood illnesses. 2nd ed. Moscow: World Health Organization; 2013. 452 p. (In Russ).]Prutsky GJ, Domecq JP, Elraiyah T, et al. Influenza vaccines licensed in the United States in healthy children: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (Protocol). Syst Rev. 2012;1:65. doi: 10.1186/2046-4053-1-65.Prutsky GJ, Domecq JP, Elraiyah T, et al. Influenza vaccines licensed in the United States in healthy children: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (Protocol). Syst Rev. 2012;1:65. doi: 10.1186/2046-4053-1-65.Fortanier AC, Venekamp RP, Boonacker CW, et al. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing otitis media. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(4):CD001480. doi: 10.1002/14651858. CD001480.pub4.Fortanier AC, Venekamp RP, Boonacker CW, et al. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing otitis media. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(4):CD001480. doi: 10.1002/14651858. CD001480.pub4.Norhayati MN, Ho JJ, Azman MY. Influenza vaccines for preventing acute otitis media in infants and children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(3):CD010089. doi: 10.1002/14651858. CD010089.pub2.Norhayati MN, Ho JJ, Azman MY. Influenza vaccines for preventing acute otitis media in infants and children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(3):CD010089. doi: 10.1002/14651858. CD010089.pub2.American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Infectious Diseases; American Academy of Pediatrics Bronchiolitis Guidelines Committee. Updated guidance for palivizumab prophylaxis among infants and young children at increased risk of hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection. Pediatrics. 2014;134(2):e620– e638. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-1666.American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Infectious Diseases; American Academy of Pediatrics Bronchiolitis Guidelines Committee. Updated guidance for palivizumab prophylaxis among infants and young children at increased risk of hospitalization for respiratory syncytial virus infection. Pediatrics. 2014;134(2):e620– e638. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-1666.Ralston SL, Lieberthal AS, Meissner HC, et al. Clinical practice guideline: the diagnosis, management, and prevention of bronchiolitis. Pediatrics. 2014;134(5):e1474–502. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-2742.( Erratum in Ralston SL, Lieberthal AS, Meissner HC. Erratum for Clinical practice guideline: the diagnosis, management, and prevention of bronchiolitis. Pediatrics. 2015;136(4):782. doi: 10.1542/ peds.2015-2862)Ralston SL, Lieberthal AS, Meissner HC, et al. Clinical practice guideline: the diagnosis, management, and prevention of bronchiolitis. Pediatrics. 2014;134(5):e1474–502. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-2742.( Erratum in Ralston SL, Lieberthal AS, Meissner HC. Erratum for Clinical practice guideline: the diagnosis, management, and prevention of bronchiolitis. Pediatrics. 2015;136(4):782. doi: 10.1542/ peds.2015-2862)Баранов А.А., Иванов Д.О., Алямовская Г.А., и др. Паливизумаб: четыре сезона в России // Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук. — 2007. — Т.69. — №7–8 — С. 54–68. [Baranov AA, Ivanov DO, Alyamovskaya GA, et al. Palivizumab: four seasons in Russia. Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences. 2014:69(7–8);54–68. (In Russ).] doi: 10.15690/vramn.v69i7-8.1110.Баранов А.А., Иванов Д.О., Алямовская Г.А., и др. Паливизумаб: четыре сезона в России // Вестник Российской академии медицинских наук. — 2007. — Т.69. — №7–8 — С. 54–68. [Baranov AA, Ivanov DO, Alyamovskaya GA, et al. Palivizumab: four seasons in Russia. Annals of the Russian academy of medical sciences. 2014:69(7–8);54–68. (In Russ).] doi: 10.15690/vramn.v69i7-8.1110.Kearney SC, Dziekiewicz M, Feleszko W. Immunoregulatory and immunostimulatory responses of bacterial lysates in respiratory infections and asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2015;114(5):364–369. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2015.02.008.Kearney SC, Dziekiewicz M, Feleszko W. Immunoregulatory and immunostimulatory responses of bacterial lysates in respiratory infections and asthma. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2015;114(5):364–369. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2015.02.008.Lissiman E, Bhasale AL, Cohen M. Garlic for the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(11):CD006206. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006206.pub4.Lissiman E, Bhasale AL, Cohen M. Garlic for the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;(11):CD006206. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006206.pub4.Linde K, Barrett B, Wölkart K, et al. Echinacea for preventing and treating the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;(1):CD000530. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000530. pub2.Linde K, Barrett B, Wölkart K, et al. Echinacea for preventing and treating the common cold. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;(1):CD000530. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000530. pub2.Jiang L, Deng L, Wu T. Chinese medicinal herbs for influenza. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(3):CD004559. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004559.pub4.Jiang L, Deng L, Wu T. Chinese medicinal herbs for influenza. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(3):CD004559. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004559.pub4.Steinsbekk A, Bentzen N, Fønnebø V, Lewith G. Self treatment with one of three self selected, ultramolecular homeopathic medicines for the prevention of upper respiratory tract infections in children. A double-blind randomized placebo controlled trial. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2005;59(4):447–455. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2005.02336.x.Steinsbekk A, Bentzen N, Fønnebø V, Lewith G. Self treatment with one of three self selected, ultramolecular homeopathic medicines for the prevention of upper respiratory tract infections in children. A double-blind randomized placebo controlled trial. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2005;59(4):447–455. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2005.02336.x.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.