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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ppharm</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Педиатрическая фармакология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pediatric pharmacology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1727-5776</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3089</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Издательство «ПедиатрЪ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15690/pf.v12i5.1460</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ppharm-1061</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современные взгляды на развитие избыточной массы тела и ожирения у детей. Часть I</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Contemporary Views on Development of Excess Body Weight and Obesity in Children. Part I</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ходжиева</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khodzhiyeva</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скворцова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skvortsova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, главный научный сотрудник отделения питания здорового и больного ребенка ФГБУ «НЦЗД» Минздрава России </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">skvortsova@nczd.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боровик</surname><given-names>Т. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borovik</surname><given-names>T. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Намазова-Баранова</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Namazova-Baranova</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маргиева</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Margieva</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нетребенко</surname><given-names>О. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Netrebenko</surname><given-names>O. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бушуева</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bushuyeva</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Звонкова</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zvonkova</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Некрасова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nekrasova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научный центр здоровья детей, Москва, Российская Федерация&#13;
Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова, Москва, Российская Федерация</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Center of Children’s Health, Moscow, Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научный центр здоровья детей, Москва, Российская Федерация</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Center of Children’s Health, Moscow, Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научный центр здоровья детей, Москва, Российская Федерация&#13;
Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова, Москва, Российская Федерация</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Center of Children’s Health, Moscow, Russian Federation&#13;
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научный центр здоровья детей, Москва, Российская Федерация&#13;
Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова, Москва, Российская Федерация&#13;
Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова, Москва, Российская Федерация</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Center of Children’s Health, Moscow, Russian Federation&#13;
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation&#13;
Pirogov Russian National Medical Research University, Moscow, Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова, Москва, Российская Федерация</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Medical Research University, Moscow, Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>573</fpage><lpage>578</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ходжиева М.В., Скворцова В.А., Боровик Т.Э., Намазова-Баранова Л.С., Маргиева Т.В., Нетребенко О.К., Бушуева Т.В., Звонкова Н.Г., Некрасова С.В., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ходжиева М.В., Скворцова В.А., Боровик Т.Э., Намазова-Баранова Л.С., Маргиева Т.В., Нетребенко О.К., Бушуева Т.В., Звонкова Н.Г., Некрасова С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khodzhiyeva M.V., Skvortsova V.A., Borovik T.E., Namazova-Baranova L.S., Margieva T.V., Netrebenko O.K., Bushuyeva T.V., Zvonkova N.G., Nekrasova S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pedpharma.ru/jour/article/view/1061">https://www.pedpharma.ru/jour/article/view/1061</self-uri><abstract><p>Ожирение относится к числу одних из самых распространенных хронических заболеваний в мире и достигает масштабов неинфекционной эпидемии. Практически во всем мире каждые три десятилетия удваивается количество детей с этим заболеванием. Нарастание числа детей с ожирением и избыточной массой тела происходит также и в России. Несмотря на утверждение, что основной причиной их развития является дисбаланс между расходом и потреблением энергии, в последние годы появилось много данных, свидетельствующих о ранних истоках ожирения, которые закладываются, возможно, в период внутриутробного развития и/или грудного и раннего возраста. Наиболее активный рост и максимальная пластичность обменных процессов наблюдаются на протяжении 1000 дней от момента зачатия, которые захватывают период внутриутробного развития и первые 2 года жизни ребенка. Количество и качество пищевых веществ, поступающих в это время, оказывают выраженное влияние на дифференцировку клеток и развитие органов посредством экспрессии генов, определяют характер метаболизма и влияют на состояние здоровья на протяжении всей последующей жизни. Учитывая значимость проблемы избыточной массы тела для детей и взрослых, нами предпринят анализ сложившейся ситуации и обследованы 652 ребенка младшего школьного возраста г. Москвы с определением параметров их физического развития. Изучены анамнестические данные, проведено углубленное обследование детей с избыточной массой тела и ожирением, рассчитаны рационы их питания. В первой части работы представлен обзор литературы. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Obesity is one of the most widespread chronic diseases around the world and may be considered a non-infectious epidemic. Virtually everywhere around the world the number of obese children doubles every three decades. Increase in the number of children with obesity and excess body weight is observed in Russia as well. Despite the statement that the main cause of obesity is energy expenditure/consumption imbalance, numerous data obtained in recent years indicate early factors of obesity forming, probably, during the period of intrauterine development and/or infancy and early childhood. The most active growth and maximum plasticity of metabolic processes is observed within 1,000 post-conceptual days, which cover the period of intrauterine development and the first 2 years of a child’s life. The number and quality of nutrients received during that period considerably affect cell differentiation and organ development by means of gene expression, determine the nature of metabolism and affect health condition throughout the whole subsequent life. Given significance of the issue of excess body weight in children and adults, we analyzed the current situation, examined 652 younger Moscow schoolchildren and determined parameters of their physical development. We analyzed anamnestic data, profoundly examined children with excess body weight and obesity and formulated diets for them. This article presents the first stage of our work and a literature review.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>избыточная масса тела</kwd><kwd>ожирение</kwd><kwd>распространенность</kwd><kwd>причины</kwd><kwd>влияние на здоровье</kwd><kwd>антена- тальное программирование</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>excess body weight</kwd><kwd>obesity</kwd><kwd>prevalence</kwd><kwd>causes</kwd><kwd>health effect</kwd><kwd>antenatal programming</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>children</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ВОЗ. Ожирение и избыточный вес [Electronic resource]. WHO. 2015. 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